Disaster Management Cycle on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. First Ever Nuclear Weapons Used Against Humanity. Content Included > Introduction * Hiroshima * Nagasaki Disasters Management Cycle Include: \\ Pre Disasters 1. Prevention 2. Preparedness // Post Disasters 3. Response 4. Recovery Conclusion

1. HIROSHIMAAND
NAGASAKI (August,1945)
DISASTER

2. Introduction
“ Sixteen hours ago an American airplane dropped one bomb on
Hiroshima, Japan, and destroyed its usefulness to the enemy.
That bomb had more power than 20,000 tons of T.N.T. It had
more than two thousand times the blast power of the British
Grand Slam, which is the largest bomb ever yet used in the
history of warfare. ”
President Harry Truman (USA)

3. Introduction
• First time in the History , A Nuclear Weapons are used by a Humans
again Humanity to Occupied country .
• The first nuclear weapon was detonated in New Mexico on 16 July
1945.
• That test explosion was soon followed by the wartime use of two
atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9,
respectively.

4. Hiroshima
• On August 6th, 1945, at 8:15 A.M., Japanese time, a B-29 heavy
bomber flying at high altitude dropped the first atomic bomb on
Hiroshima.
• In Hiroshima, of a resident civilian population of 250,000 it was
estimated that 45,000 died on the first day and a further 19,000 during
the subsequent four months.

5. Pictorial View:
Caption:
Images from the Surveys in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Devastation is seen in the vicinity of 'ground zero' after the atomic bombing of
Hiroshima, Japan. August 6 marks 75 years since the United States unleashed
the world's first atomic bomb attack on the city of Hiroshima, followed three
days later by the second and last on Nagasaki, vaporizing lives, buildings and
Japan's capacity for war.

6. Nagasaki
• On August 9th, three days later, at 11:02 A.M., another B-29 dropped the
second bomb on the industrial section of the city of Nagasaki, totally
destroying 1/2 square miles of the city.
• In Nagasaki, out of a population of 174,000, on the first day 22,000 died and
another 17,000 within four months.
• About 15 square Kilometres (over 50%) of the two cities was destroyed.

7. Pictorial View:
An unidentified newsman stands amid the rubble of
Hiroshima a month after the atomic bomb was dropped on
the city (Picture: UPI/Press Association Images).
UPI/Press Association Image / A mushroom cloud
rises after the second atomic bomb was dropped on
Nagasaki, August 9, 1945

8. Disaster management cycle:

9. Mitigation (Measure before Disaster)
• Mitigation activities actually eliminate or reduce the probability of
disaster Occurrence , or reduce the effects of unavoidable disasters.
The sustained actions are also Knows as mitigation.
• It is the Initial phase of disaster management and should be
considered before a disaster.
• It is a long and continuing activity that is integrated with each of
the other phases of Disaster management.

10. Goal of Mitigation
• Protect people and structures
during disaster.
• Reduce the cost of Response
and Recovery.

11. Mitigation measures
 To identify
• When disaster can occur in and around the community.
• The Likelihood of its occurrence.
• The consequences of the Event in term of Casualties, destruction
and disruption of Services.
• The Cost of Response and Recovery

12. Preparedness (Actions before disaster)
“Means readiness to Respond ”
• Because it is not possible to mitigate completely
against any disasters by taking certain actions
before, harmful consequences of a disaster can be
reduced.
• The goal of emergency preparedness programs is to
achieve a satisfactory level of readiness to respond
to any Emergency situation.

13. Preparedness
Preparedness include planning ,training and Educational activities
Like-
• Developing disaster preparedness Plans for What to do , where to
go or Who to call for help in a disaster.
• Exercising emergency plans through drills and full scale exercise. 3.
Early warning system.
• Identifying resources and creating supply list of items that are
useful in disaster.
• Identification of high risk areas and designating facilities for
emergency use

14. Response ( During or immediately after
disaster )
• The aim of emergency response is to provide immediate assistance
to maintain life, improve health and support the morale of the
affected population.
• Such assistance may range from providing specific but limited aid,
such as assisting refugees with transport, temporary shelter, and
food, to establishing semi-permanent settlement in camps and other
locations.
• It also may involve initial repairs to damaged infrastructure.

15. Response
• Implementing of disaster response plans.
• Taking action to protect yourself, your family, your animals and others.
• Conducting life saving missions like evacuation and search and rescue.
• Provision of food , water and emergency health care.

16. Pictorial View
Figure 1 One of them was the Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital. Located 1.5 kilometres
from the bomb’s hypocentre, the reinforced concrete building was severely damaged,
with part of its roof collapsed and all its windows blown in.

17. Recovery (After disaster)
To return the community's system and activities by rebuilding or
restoration efforts beyond the provisions of immediate relief like-
1. Rehabilitation.
2. Rebuilding damaged structure
3. Preventing or reducing stress related illness
4. Providing financial support to people
5. Development of practices and policies to reduce the vulnerability
and to avoid or mitigate similar situations in future.

18. Recovery
• Recovery activities continue until all systems return to normal or
better.
• Recovery measures, both short and long term, include returning
vital life support systems to minimum operating standards;
temporary housing; public information; health and safety
education; reconstruction; counseling programs; and economic
impact studies.
• Information resources and services include data collection related to
rebuilding, and documentation of lessons learned.

19. Pictorial View
Figure 2 gettyimages