Pathophysiology B Pharm 2nd semester CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Course Description 3. Course Outcomes 4. Text and Reference Books 5. Syllabus 6. Question Paper Pattern 7. Evaluation Scheme Pathophysiology is the study of causes of diseases and reactions of the body to such disease producing causes. This course is designed to impart a thorough knowledge of the relevant aspects of pathology of various conditions with reference to its pharmacological applications, and understanding of basic pathophysiological mechanisms. Expected outcomes 1. Describe the etiology and pathogenesis of the selected disease states 2. Name the signs and symptoms of the diseases 3. Mention the complications of the diseases. SYLLABUS Basic principles of Cell injury and Adaptation Introduction, definitions, Homeostasis, Components and Types of Feedback systems, Causes of cellular injury, Pathogenesis (Cell membrane damage, Mitochondrial damage, Ribosome damage, Nuclear damage), Morphology of cell injury – Adaptive changes (Atrophy, Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, Metaplasia, Dysplasia), Cell swelling, Intra cellular accumulation, Calcification, Enzyme leakage and Cell Death Acidosis & Alkalosis, Electrolyte imbalance. Basic mechanism involved in the process of Inflammation and Repair Introduction, Clinical signs of inflammation, Different types of Inflammation, Mechanism of Inflammation – Alteration in vascular permeability and blood flow, migration of WBC’s, Mediators of inflammation, Basic principles of wound healing in the skin, Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular System Hypertension, congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease (angina, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis) Respiratory system Asthma, Chronic obstructive airways diseases. Renal system Acute and chronic renal failure Haematological Diseases Iron deficiency, megaloblastic anemia (Vit B12 and folic acid), sickle cell anemia, thalasemia, hereditary acquired anemia, hemophilia Nervous system Epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, psychiatric disorders: depression, schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease. Endocrine system Diabetes, thyroid diseases, disorders of sex hormones Gastrointestinal system Peptic Ulcer Inflammatory bowel diseases, jaundice, hepatitis (A,B,C,D,E,F) alcoholic liver disease Diseases of bones and joints Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout Principles of cancer classification, etiology and pathogenesis of cancer Infectious diseases Meningitis, Typhoid, Leprosy, Tuberculosis, Urinary tract infections Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) AIDS, Syphilis, Gonorrhea #rohitkumartrivedi

1. Introduction to Pathophysiology
1

2. Video Lecture Link
https://youtu.be/s9f2V-g0_Cw
Clickor Pasteabovegivenlink to your internetbrowser
2

3. Pathophysiology
consists of the Greek origin words
“logos”
the study of
Pathophysiology
refers to the study of abnormal changes in
body functions that are the causes,
consequences, or concomitants of disease processes.
“pathos”
suffering/
abnormal changes
“physis”
nature, origin
+ +
3

4. Course Description
Pathophysiology is the study of causes of
diseases and reactions of the body to such
disease producing causes.
This course is designed to impart a thorough
knowledge of the relevant aspects of pathology of various
conditions with reference to its pharmacological
applications, and understanding of basic
pathophysiological mechanisms.
4

5. Pathophysiology: Expected outcomes
Upon completion of the course student shall be able to:
Describe the etiology and pathogenesis
of the selected disease states
Name the signs and
symptoms of the diseases
Mention the complications
of the diseases.
5

6. Pathophysiology: Text Books
6

7. Pathophysiology: Reference Books
7

8. Pathophysiology: Syllabus
Basic principles of Cell injury and Adaptation
Introduction, definitions, Homeostasis, Components and Types of Feedback systems,
Causes of cellular injury, Pathogenesis (Cell membrane damage, Mitochondrial damage,
Ribosome damage, Nuclear damage), Morphology of cell injury – Adaptive changes
(Atrophy, Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, Metaplasia, Dysplasia), Cell swelling, Intra cellular
accumulation, Calcification,Enzyme leakage and Cell Death Acidosis & Alkalosis,
Electrolyte imbalance.
UNIT –I (10 Hours)
Basic mechanism involved in the process of
Inflammationand Repair
Introduction, Clinical signs of inflammation, Different types of Inflammation,
Mechanism of Inflammation – Alteration in vascular permeability and blood
flow, migration of WBC’s, Mediators of inflammation, Basic principles of
wound healing in the skin, Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis
8

9. CardiovascularSystem
Hypertension, congestive heart
failure,ischemic heart disease
(angina, myocardial infarction,
atherosclerosis and
arteriosclerosis)
Respiratory system
Asthma, Chronic obstructive
airways diseases.
Renal system
Acute and chronic renal failure
Syllabus
UNIT –II (10 Hours)
9

10. UNIT- III (08 Hours)
HaematologicalDiseases
Iron deficiency, megaloblastic anemia (Vit B12
and folic acid), sickle cell anemia, thalasemia,
hereditary acquired anemia, hemophilia
Syllabus
Nervous system
Epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, stroke,
psychiatric disorders: depression,
schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease.
Gastrointestinalsystem
Peptic Ulcer
Endocrine system
Diabetes, thyroid diseases, disorders of
sex hormones
10

11. Inflammatory bowel diseases,
jaundice, hepatitis (A,B,C,D,E,F) alcoholic liver
disease
Principles of cancer
classification, etiology and pathogenesis of cancer
Diseases of bones and joints
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout
UNIT- IV (08 Hours)
Syllabus
11

12. UNIT- V (07 Hours)
Infectious diseases
Meningitis, Typhoid, Leprosy, Tuberculosis,
Urinary tract infections
Syllabus
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
AIDS, Syphilis, Gonorrhea
12

13. EVALUATION SCHEME
*Attendance, Academic Activities, Student-Teacher Interaction
Course
Code
Course Name
Internal Assessment
End Semester
Examination
Total Marks
Continuous
mode*
Sessional Exam Total
marks
Marks Duration
Marks Duration
BP 204 T Pathophysiology 10 15 01 H 25 75 03 H 100
80% Attendanceis mandatoryfor appearing in Examination
Question
No.
Question Type Marks Total Marks
I
MCQs
Fill in the blanks
One word answer
1*20 = 20
75
II Short Answer Type Questions 7*5 = 35
III Long Answer Type Questions 2*10 = 20
QUESTION PAPER PATTERN
13

14. Rohit Kumar Trivedi
AssistantProfessor,Pharmacy
14