This document provides a historical overview of the development of the pharmacy profession. It discusses how pharmacy originated from ancient Greek and Roman mythology associated with gods of medicine like Asclepius and Hygieia. Key figures that advanced pharmacy include Claudius Galen in the 2nd century who performed animal dissections and compiled early pharmaceutical works. In the 12th century, Frederick II recognized pharmacy as a separate profession in Europe. The first US Pharmacopoeia was published in 1820 and the first pharmacy school was established in Philadelphia that same year. Important organizations to the development of modern pharmacy include the American Pharmacy Association, established in 1852 by William Proctor, considered the Father of Modern Pharmacy.

1. Historical Background and
Development of
Profession of Pharmacy

2. Apothecary

4. PHARMACY

5. The word ‘Pharmacy’ is derived
from the Greek word –
“Pharmakon”
meaning
“DRUG / REMEDY / POISON”

6. The word ‘Pharmacy’ has two meanings :
1. General sense – it is a place / shop
where drugs or medicines are sold.
2. Professional sense – it is the profession,
the members of which deal with drugs.

7. Pharmacy:
Art and Science
of
Preparing and Dispensing Medications
and
the Provision of drug and related information
to
the Public.

8. A pharmacist is one who is educated and licensed to prepare and dispense
drugs and to provide drug and related information to the public.
Pharmacist “An expert on drugs”
I am a Pharmacist
I am a specialist in medications
I am a custodian of medical information
I am a companion of the physician
I am a counsellor to the patient
I am a guardian of public health
This is my calling
This is my pride Pharmacist

9. Drug and Medicine
Is there any difference
?

10. Drug
 Any substance that acts on the living body to alter the
physiological process.
 May have beneficial or harmful effects
 Drugs used for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of
diseases.
Medicine
Drug which has a definite form & dose and are therapeutically
used for the treatment of diseases of living subjects.

11. GreenCross Mortar andPestle
Mortar andPestle
YouTake
COMMONLY USED PHARMACY SYMBOLS

12. Symbol of Pharmacy
Bowl of Hygieia

13.  In Greek and Roman mythology, Hygieia, the goddess of
health, cleanliness and sanitation, was a daughter of
Asclepius (the god of medicine).
 While her father was more directly associated with
healing, Hygieia was associated with the prevention of
sickness and the continuation of good health, hence her
name is the source of the word “hygiene”.

14. Asclepius
Hygieia
(The god of medicine)
(Goddess of health,
cleanliness and sanitation)
• Zeus killed Asclepius because he feared that he might use
his healing power to render all men immortal.

15. Father of Pharmacy
 He was a famous Greek physician
 He performed extensive dissections on animals.
 Galen described many formulae containing drugs of
plant and animal origin.
 He compiled his work in 20 books called as Galenical
Works
Claudius Galen

16.  In 12th century, Europe marketed the setting up of drug
stores.
 In the year 1240, King Fredrick II recognized Pharmacy as
a separate profession.
Frederick II was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany
from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from
1220
Frederick II
(26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250)

17. Rapid developmentof pharmacy was noticedin late1800and early1900’s:
 First United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) was publishedin 1820

18.  First pharmacy schoolwas establishedin Philadelphia(US) 1820

19.  In 1852, American Pharmacy Association was
established by William Proctor
 He is also known as Father of Modern Pharmacy.
William Proctor
(Father of American Pharmacy)

20. William Proctor (Father of American Pharmacy)
Also known as Father of Modern Pharmacy
 National Formulary (NF) was published in 1888 by the American Pharmaceutical Association.
 It included standard for excipients, botanicals and other similar products.
 USP purchased the NF, combining the two publications under cover, creating the USP-NF

21. Rohit Kumar Trivedi
Assistant Professor, Pharmaceutics
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