Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage.pptx
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Using Science of Geophysics in Cultural Heritage is very useful especially if we find techniques that don't have any destruction effect to save all historical Artifacts. NDT Method not only to map the internal geometry and degradation state of cultural artifacts and historical buildings but also to check the restoration/conservation quality when consolidation treatments are being applied. provide either qualitative or quantitative information on materials, deterioration patterns and the decay factors.
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Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage.pptx
- 2. AGENDA 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 2 Introduction GPR & Seismic/Ultrasonic Limitation of GPR & Seismic/Ultrasonic ERT Benefits ERT Overview Summery/Conclusion
- 3. INTRODUCTION When The Starting Why The Importance What NDT Tools 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 3
- 4. STARTING Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 4 Since 1950 21st Century Geophysics in Archaeological Research 19/9/2022 Geophysics in Monuments and culture Artifacts
- 5. THE IMPORTANCE Saving Preservation Restoration Stability Verify the Stability of Buildings Safe The Major Problem of impossibility Touching 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 5
- 6. DANGERS Climatic changes Moisture Content The materials' deterioration Air Pollution Sea Salts Inland & Offshore 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 6 The physical and mechanical properties of monuments' main stones
- 7. NDT TOOLS GPR Seismic Ultrasonic ERT 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 7
- 8. GPR AND SEISMIC/ULTRASONIC GPR • Most Commonly Method • Depent on The discontinuities • The assessment of the preservation state of artworks and monuments. Seismic / Ultrasonic • Availability to use anywhere • Sensitve to Mechanical Charactristics • Evaluate the degradation of the element 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 8
- 9. LIMITATION OF GPR & SEISMIC/ULTRASONIC Useless in Saturated Material Mainly Salt-Water Depth Penetration Reduce by Highly Conductive material One Surface Need Opposite side to run Size of Antenna problem in the study of rough surfaces or small artifacts. 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 9
- 10. ERT METHOD BENEFITS Don’t Require Opposite Side Useful with Saturated matrials (mainly Salt-water) Don’t affect by the Highly conductive environment 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 10 Study of rough surfaces or small artifacts
- 11. ERT METHOD OVERVIEW Active Technique Response of Injection current Using Most used in Determine Moisture content System of ERT Many electrodes 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 11
- 12. SUMMARY 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 12 NDT Method not only to map the internal geometry and degradation state of cultural artifacts and historical buildings but also to check the restoration/conservation quality when consolidation treatments are being applied. provide either qualitative or quantitative information on materials, deterioration patterns and the decay factors.
- 13. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES GPR Seismic/Ultrasonic ERT Thickness of Walls + - + Location of Voids or cracks + + - Location and size of reinforcement bars + - - Evaluation of repair interventions + + + Moisture Content - - + Decay Material - + + 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 13
- 14. THANK YOU Omar Waleed Fouad Sci.omarwaleed@Gmail.com 19/9/2022 Non-Destructive techniques In Cultural Heritage 14
Editor's Notes
- In the Beginning, we took a look about the starting of NDT in Culture heritage. The Geophysical tools have been applied to archaeological research since 1950. But recently, in the twenty-first century, there has been great interest in the direction of Monuments and cultural Artifacts
- Monitoring of historical monuments is an issue of great interest and of upmost importance, for their effective preservation and restoration. Detailed knowledge of its internal structure is the key to their conservation and/or restoration. In the case of buildings, such structure is composed of different types of stones, bricks, with wooden or iron elements inserted into walls and cavities as ties, etc. (Valle and Zanzi 1998). Moreover, the wall thickness, the recognition of detachments and cracks is crucial to verify the stability of buildings. In the case of the study of cultural built heritage, the major problem is related to the impossibility of touching and taking samples in order to be studied in the laboratory or even in-situ.
- All these techniques, including the ones that were just mentioned, are nondestructive and helpful for characterizing subsurface and monumental heritage conditions without the need for test excavation or core sample. The Choice of method depends on several factors, including spatial and physical characteristics of the cultural targets and their surroundings, aim of the investigation (research, conservation), issues to be addressed (e.g., decay assessment, moisture), depth of investigation and resolution.
- The discontinuities that generate electromagnetic-wave reflections are linked to changes in the dielectric characteristics in the material this non-destructive technique can be carried out in situ and in laboratory samples as well. (locating areas of decay and structural weakness hidden within) measurement depth and Extent of fracture