Elemental Analysis: SEM-EDS enables qualitative and quantitative analysis of the elemental composition of a wide range of materials, including soils, minerals, metals, polymers, and biological samples. Sample Characterization: It provides detailed information about the distribution and abundance of elements within a sample, helping in the identification of phases, particles, contaminants, and compositional variations. Failure Analysis: SEM-EDS can assist in investigating the causes of material failures, such as identifying corrosion products, determining elemental segregation, or analyzing fracture surfaces. Mineralogy and Geology: SEM-EDS is widely used in the study of rocks, minerals, and geological samples to identify mineral phases, map elemental distributions, and investigate geological processes. It's important to note that the interpretation and accuracy of SEM-EDS results rely on appropriate sample preparation, optimization of SEM and EDS parameters, and expertise in data analysis. Proper calibration, background correction, and consideration of potential artifacts are crucial for reliable and meaningful elemental analysis.

1. Presentation Outline
• Introduction
• Material description
• Case studies
• Experimental Studies or Field Tests
• Conclusions
• References
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2. Introduction
While constructing an embankment on soft soils, the following problems are encountered
• Low shear strength
• Stability of embankment
• High compressibility and settlement of embankment
2

3. Material description
• Bamboo
• Why bamboo?
because it is excellent material for member subjected to
i. High compression
ii. High tension &
iii. Bending.
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• Bamboo is used as
i. Bamboo piles
ii. Bamboo matrass
iii. Combination of both bamboo pile and matrass

4. Case studies
Figure 1. Soil layering of case study site.
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• A case study in north Sumatra having very soft clays to depths of 22 to 30m below ground surface

5. Case studies
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Figure 2. Relation between undrained shear strength and depth.
• For analysis, the undrained strength
parameters for each layer were
determined based on field vane shear
test results, laboratory test results and
N-SPT values

6. Case studies
6
Figure 3. Cross-section of planned embankment.
• The gridded bamboo matrass is considered as an embankment foundation to increase the stability
and stiffness of subgrade.
• It consists of 4 layers of bamboo pile that were set in a grid pattern.
• A spacing of 1 x 1m2 is maintained in this case.

7. Case studies
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Figure 4. Gridded matrass bamboo for soft soil reinforcement.

8. Heading Font and Colour (Calibri 24 Font)
• The gridded bamboo matrass is considered as an embankment foundation to increase the stability
and stiffness of subgrade.
• It consists of 4 layers of bamboo pile that were set in a grid pattern
• The gridded bamboo matrass is considered as an embankment foundation to increase the stability
and stiffness of subgrade.
• It consists of 4 layers of bamboo pile that were set in a grid pattern
• The gridded bamboo matrass is considered as an embankment foundation to increase the stability
and stiffness of subgrade.
• It consists of 4 layers of bamboo pile that were set in a grid pattern
8

9. Case studies
9
Figure 2. Relation between undrained shear strength and depth.
• For analysis, the undrained strength
parameters for each layer were
determined based on field vane shear
test results, laboratory test results and
N-SPT values

10. Heading Font and Colour (Calibri 24 Font)
• Running Text Font and Colour (Calibri 20 Font)
• The entire content has to be in bulleted forms (Avoid Continuous Text)
• The spacing has to be 1.5 and in justified format
• Slide number is very important and it should not appear on the first slide.
• You must limit the number of slides to 20 to 25 for each topic
• Each student must give 10 minutes of presentation
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11. 11

12. Case studies
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Figure 2. Relation between undrained shear strength and depth.
• For analysis, the undrained strength
parameters for each layer were
determined based on field vane shear
test results, laboratory test results and
N-SPT values

13. Case studies
13
Figure 2. Relation between undrained shear strength and depth.
• For analysis, the undrained strength
parameters for each layer were
determined based on field vane shear
test results, laboratory test results and
N-SPT values

14. Thank you