Topics Included: • Definition • Types of Verbs • Difference between Phrases and Clauses • Examples • Difference between Sentence and Clause • Types of Clauses • Conjunctions • Different type of Sentences • Another categorization of Clauses • Types of Dependent Clause with examples

2. Main Ingredient of Hamburger ?

3. Sesame Bun
Cheese
Pickles
Lettuce
Ketchup & Mayonnaise
Bun Base
Onions
Croquette
(tikki)
Main Ingredient

4. Babbling
Meaningful sounds + Letters
Clauses and Phrases
Words
Sentences
Paragraphs
Articles and short Stories
Books and Novels
Clauses
&
Phrases
Main Ingredient

5. Definitions:
•CLAUSE: A group of words that contains
only one finite verb.
•PHRASE: A group of words that contains
no finite verb.

6. Verb
Finite
It includes:
Subject
It shows:
Tense
Non-finite
No subject
No tense

7. Verb
Finite
After Ram ate the cake,
he got loosemotion.
Non-finite
After eating the cake,
Ram got loosemotion.

8. PHRASES CLAUSES
No finite verb
(Absence of tense)
finite verb
(Presence of tense)
It does not contain subject It contains subject
Examples:
1.in the park
2.This red parrot
Examples:
1.He plays in the park
2.This red parrot sings.

9. EXAMPLES CLAUSE OR PHRASE ??
Lola sang beautifully
the white flower
opposite the park
the boys kicked the football
an abandoned ship

10. EXAMPLES CLAUSE OR PHRASE ??
Lola sang beautifully CLAUSE
the white flower PHRASE
opposite the park PHRASE
the boys kicked the football CLAUSE
an abandoned ship PHRASE

11. Clause
vs
Sentence

12. Slice
PIZZA

13. Clause
Sentence

14. Type of Clauses

15. INDEPENDENT (MAIN) CLAUSE DEPENDENT CLAUSE
We can call it as a Sentence.
We can’t call it as a Sentence.
(It contains Conjunction.)
It makes complete sense. It does not make complete sense.
Examples:
1.We cannot play ludo.
2.You must work hard.
Examples:
1.Since dice is missing
2.If you want to succeed in life

16. EXAMPLES
Independent Clause OR
Dependent Clause ??
Harry is back from work.
So he must take rest
as he enjoys it
Atif plays hockey.
because she was late

17. INDEPENDENT (MAIN) CLAUSE DEPENDENT CLAUSE
It does not contain any
Conjunction.
It contains Conjunction.
Examples:
1.We cannot play ludo.
2.You must work hard.
Examples:
1.Since dice is missing
2.If you want to succeed in life

19. # FACT
A Sentence can contain more than one clause.
Example:
1. Harry is back from work. (1)
2. Harry is back from work so he must take rest. (2)
3. Harry is back from work, and he is taking rest. (2)

20. EXAMPLES DIFFERENT TYPE OF SENTENCES
Harry is back from work. Simple Sentence
Harry is back from work
so he must take rest.
Complex Sentence
Harry is back from work,
and he is taking rest.
Compound Sentence

21. Formula for Identification
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
SENTENCES
CLAUSE , (or ;) CONJ. + CLAUSE Compound Sentence
CLAUSE + CONJ. + CLAUSE
CONJ. + CLAUSE , (or ;) + CLAUSE
Complex Sentence

22. EXAMPLES
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
SENTENCES
She loves to eat chocolate ice
cream, but it makes her tummy
hurt.
Even though she loves to eat
chocolote ice cream, it mokes her
tummy hurt

23. EXAMPLES
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
SENTENCES
She loves to eat chocolate ice
cream, but it makes her tummy
hurt.
Compound Sentence
Even though she loves to eat
chocolote ice cream, it mokes her
tummy hurt
Complex Sentence

24. EXAMPLES
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
SENTENCES
l found a dollar on the street, so l
went to the candystore.
Because l found a dollar on the
street, l went to the candy store.

25. EXAMPLES
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
SENTENCES
l found a dollar on the street, so l
went to the candystore.
Compound Sentence
Because l found a dollar on the
street, l went to the candy store.
Complex Sentence

26. Formula for Identification
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
CLAUSES
M.CLAUSE, (or ;) CONJ. + M.CLAUSE Both are independent
CLAUSE + [CONJ. + CLAUSE]
[CONJ. + CLAUSE], (or ;) + CLAUSE
Dependent/Independent

27. Principle
Clause
Subordinate
Clause
Co-ordinate
Clause
CLAUSE
Another categoration

28. Principle
Clause
Independent
Clause
Subordinate
Clause
Co-ordinate
Clause
Dependent
Clause

29. Dependent
Clause having
Subordinating
Conjunction
Example:
1. When I get to the
beach
2. Where the dog is
sleeping
Subordinate
Clause

30. Dependent
Clause having
Co-ordinating
Conjunction
Example:
1. but it tastes very
bad
2. and the days
were getting
warmer.
Co-ordinate
Clause

31. EXAMPLES Subordinate or Co-ordinate
Because I said so
and the streets would be deserted
Since it will rain today
because we want to understand
when there is the good weather

32. EXAMPLES Subordinate or Co-ordinate
Because I said so Co-ordinate
and the streets would be deserted Co-ordinate
Since it will rain today Subordinate
because we want to understand Co-ordinate
when there is the good weather Subordinate

33. Which one will you choose ??

34. When we are unable to handle things all
together, then its better to split them
into parts.

36. RELATIVE PRONOUN Hindi Translation
What क्या
Which कौन सा

37. RELATIVE PRONOUN Hindi Translation
What are you doing ? तुम क्या कर रहे हो ?
Which is your
favourite color ?
आपका पसंद�दा रंग
कौन सा है?

38. Noun
Clause
 A noun is a name of a person, place or thing.
 Example:
 I love to play with my dog.
 I live in Ludhiana.
 द�लया क� वजह से मुझे दस्त (लूस मोशन) हो गया
 Bulger gave me loose motion.
 What I had for breakfast gave me loose motion.

39. Noun
Clause
 Example:
 I like Nusrat Bharucha.
 I like that girl who acted as lead actress in
Chhalaang Movie.
 My mom usually eat Zulbia.
 My mom usually eat that Syrup field rings made
by deep frying wheat flour.

40. Noun
Clause
 Example:
 My mom usually eat Zulbia.
 My mom usually eat * .
क्या ????
 Zulbia

41. Noun
Clause
 Example:
 My mom usually eat that Syrup field rings made by
deep frying wheat flour.
 My mom usually eat * .
क्या ????
 that Syrup field rings made by deep frying wheat flour.

42. Noun
Clause
 It can easily be identified by breaking the given
sentences into parts and then asking question i.e.
क्या from main (independent) clause whose
answer lies in dependent clause.
 Example:
 I can’t tell you where I lives.
 I can’t tell you + where I lives.
क्या नह�ं बता सकते हो ??
What you can’t tell ??
Noun
Clause

43. Noun
Clause
 Example:
 He knows that I am a dentist.
 She believed that I was right.
 I can’t remember when Binni was born.
 Everybody asked if I could help.
 I don’t know if my brother is at home.
 I want to know whether today is any special day.
 I can do whatever I want.
 I wonder if it will rain tomorrow.

44. Noun
Clause
 Example:
 He knows that I am a dentist.
 She believed that I was right.
 I can’t remember when Binni was born.
 Everybody asked if I could help.
 I don’t know if my brother is at home.
 I want to know whether today is any special day.
 I can do whatever I want.
 I wonder if it will rain tomorrow.

46. Guess kare
कौन सा
song hai
 Ve main hi tere pichhe pichhe aauni aan
Main hi tainu phone milauni aan
Care nahi Karda
 Mera vi dil chori keeta
Fan tera ban gaya yeh
Ishare tere

47. Adjective
Clause
 An adjective qualifies noun or pronoun.
 Example:
 They live in a beautiful house.
 Ben is an adorable baby.
 A like that song which was sung by Honey singh in
Chhalaang Movie.

48. Adjective
Clause
 Example:
 I like that suit which is kept at the bottom of the shelf.
 I like that suit * .
कौन सा ????
 which is kept at the bottom of the shelf.
कौन सा : वो वाला

49. Adjective
Clause
 It can easily be identified by breaking the given
sentences into parts and then asking question i.e.
कौन सा from main (independent) clause whose
answer lies in dependent clause.
 Example:
 I like those friends which are honest.
 I like those friends + which are honest.
कौन से दोस्त पसंद है ??
Which type of friends do you like ?? Adjective
Clause

50. Adjective
Clause
 Example:
 We are going to the beach that I like the most.
 Do you know the actor that Shelly is talking about?
 That is the bench where you and I were supposed to
meet.
 This is the park where we can walk the dogs.
 Do you remember the time when we almost missed
the swim meet?
 Monday is the day when I have my doctor’s
appointment.
 Never go to a doctor whose office plants have died

51. Adjective
Clause
 Example:
 We are going to the beach that I like the most.
 Do you know the actor that Shelly is talking about?
 That is the bench where you and I were supposed to
meet.
 This is the park where we can walk the dogs.
 Do you remember the time when we almost missed
the swim meet?
 Monday is the day when I have my doctor’s
appointment.
 Never go to a doctor whose office plants have died

54. Type Question Answered Example
Time When ? After the fruit is harvested, it is
sold at the market.
Place Where ? Whenever there are computers,
there is Microsoft Software.
Cause Why ? I didn’t call her because I’m shy.
Contrast How ? (What are the opposites ??) Although Jay has a master’s
degree, he works as a store clerk.
Condition Under what condition ? If you save your money, you will be
able to go to the college.
Purpose Why ? She tool a computer course so that
she could get a better job.
Result What’s the result of .. ? The stars are so far away that they
cant be seen without telescope.
Manner How ? Ancient people used star as if they
were calendars.