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1. Journal of Business Administration, vol. 6, 2004
An Analysis of the Mission Statements of Selected
Bangladeshi Companies
Dewan Mahboob Hossain*
Abstract: This study focuses on the mission statements of Bangladeshi companies.
Fifteen companies were selected through convenient sampling and the characteristics
of their mission statements were evaluated according to the criteria given by Fred R.
David. By evaluating these mission statements a conclusion was drawn that the
Bangladeshi companies are preparing their mission statements without knowing the
basic characteristics that mission statements should possess.
1. Corporate Mission
According to Peter Drucker (1973), "A business is not defined by its name, statues, or
articles of incorporation. It is defined by the business mission. Only a clear definition of
mission and purpose of the organization makes possible clear and realistic business
objectives." The mission of an organization defines its business. For example, a food
manufacturing company's mission is to produce food products, a petroleum company's
mission is to supply fuel in the market, a university's mission is to provide tertiary level
education to its students and a software company's mission is to make software. Peter
Drucker says, asking the question "What is our business?" is similar to asking the question
"What is our mission?" But there are some people who think that the definition of mission
should not be that simple. It should contain some other components that will be acting as
guidelines for 'strategic management'. Defining a clear mission for the business is very
important for setting future strategies of the business. Campbell, Devine and Young (1993),
in their famous book called 'A Sense of Mission' has quoted from the speech of Colin
Marshall (Deputy Chairman, British Airways) that, "A corporate mission is much more than
good intentions and fine ideas. It represents the framework for the entire business, the values
which drive the company and the belief that the company has in itself and what it can
achieve." Setting a clear and well-defined mission is the very first step of strategic
management (David, 1999). Through defining the business, the mission helps to set the long-
term objectives of an organization and basing on those long-term objectives, strategies can be
set.
Different schools of thought have defined mission in different ways. Some of them described
mission as a 'strategic tool' and some of them argued that mission should be stated in terms
of 'philosophy and ethics' (Campbell, et al,
___________________
*
Lecturer, Department of Accounting and Information Systems, Faculty of Business Studies, University of
Dhaka, Bangladesh.
This article is brought to you by www.bdresearch.org

2. 2 An Analysis of the Mission Statements of Selected Bangladeshi Companies
1993). If both of these thoughts are analyzed, it becomes conspicuous that the first school of
thought (defining mission as a strategic tool) is more concerned with the 'survival' of an
organization as a 'business concern' and the second school of thought (defining mission in
terms of philosophy and ethics) is more concerned with seeing the organization as a 'social
unit' and thus they dealt with social emotions. There is no doubt that each of these views has its
own importance. The world of business is becoming more and more competitive and in order
to survive in this competitive environment, proper strategic management is very important. As
a 'strategic tool', a mission can help in this purpose. On the other hand, it is also true that
modern society presents business with immensely complicated problems it did not have
formerly (Davis, 1975). There is no doubt that business is a social unit and in order to exist and
survive in the society it has to respect the ethical values of the society. It is said that, today a
business lives in a 'Glass House' and that is why business has greater 'Public Visibility' (The
extent that an organization's activities are known to persons outside the organization) in
comparison to other institutions in the society (Davis, 1975). Society is very much alert to
know the activities of the business. The growing popularity of 'social welfare' is also
compelling the business to perform some social responsibilities. The concept of 'Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR)' is a burning question in today's world.
So, as these both views are very important, it is better to set a corporate mission incorporating
both these issues and that will help the organization to set proper goals and then set the
strategies according to those goals.
Campbell, et al (1993) suggested that a mission should have the following four components:
1. Purpose: Why the company exists?
2. Strategy: The competitive position and distinctive competence.
3. Standards and Behaviors: The policies and behavior patterns that underpin the distinctive
competence and the value system.
4. Values: What the company believes in.
The mission of the company should be well communicated to the stakeholders of the company
and the medium of this communication is a 'mission statement'.
2. Mission Statement:
A mission statement is a clearly written statement that communicates about the mission of the
organization to several parties related to that particular organization. These parties include
employees, strategists, customers, investors and others who have any relationship with the
affairs of the organization. A clear mission statement is essential in order to establish effective
objectives and

3. Journal of Business Research, Vol. 6, 2004 3
to formulate strategies (David, 1999). Mission statements can be communicated through
several media like the annual reports of the company, several internal reports, leaflets etc.
An example of a mission statement is given in Appendix-2.
According to McGinnis (1981), a mission statement should:
1. Define what the organization is and what the organization aspires to be,
2. Be limited enough to exclude some ventures and broad enough to allow for creative
growth,
3. Distinguish a given organization from all others,
4. Serve as a framework for evaluating both current and prospective activities, and
5. Be stated in terms of sufficiently clear to be widely understood throughout the
organization.
There is no particular length or format of a mission statement. It differs from organization to
organization. It can also be said that there is no specificity about the components of the
mission statements. Several authors have identified several different numbers of components
that should be present in a 'good mission statement'.
Components of mission statements suggested by Fred R. David:
Though David (1999) admits that mission statements can differ in length, content, format and
specificity, he suggested the following components to be present in a mission statement:
1. Customers: Who are the firm's customers?
2. Products or services: What are the firm's major products and services?
3. Markets: Geographically, where does the firm compete?
4. Technology: Is the firm technologically current?
5. Concern for survival, growth and profitability: Is the firm committed to growth and financial
soundness?
6. Philosophy: What are the basic beliefs, values, aspirations and ethical priorities of the firm?
7. Self-concept: What is the firm's distinct competence or major competitive advantage?
8. Concern for public image: Is the firm responsive to social community and environmental
concern?

4. 4 An Analysis of the Mission Statements of Selected Bangladeshi Companies
9. Concern for employees: Are employees valuable assets of the firm?
It is very much visible that in his suggested 'mission statement components', David tried to
cover both the views of considering mission statement as a 'strategic tool' and including
'ethics and philosophies' in it.
3. Objective and Methodology of the Study
The objective of this study is to identify whether the mission statements of Bangladeshi
companies contain these components suggested by David. David's components were
selected as a standard as these components include both 'strategic' and 'ethical' views. In
order to assess the mission statements of Bangladeshi companies, 15 companies were taken
as a sample through convenient sampling. Actually, 63 annual reports of different
companies were collected and out of which in 15 annual reports, mission statements were
found. Then the mission statement of each of these companies was analyzed in order to
identify whether it covers the several components of mission statements suggested by Fred
R. David. This analysis was done through a table shown in Appendix -1.
Findings:
According to the criteria suggested by Fred R. David, the following are the findings:
1. Customers: Only 2 companies out of these 15 companies (13.33%) have mentioned
about their customers in the mission statement. But one of them could not define its
customers specifically in their mission statements. For example, the mission statement of
The City Bank Limited is: "To enjoy the trust and confidence of customers through
cultivation of relationship banking". In this particular statement, they have just mentioned
about their customers and did not define who are they. But the other company, Uttara
Finance and Investment Limited could define their customers specifically "To provide
lease finance to professionals and technicians on attractive terms".
2. Products or Services: Four companies (26.67%) mentioned about their product or
services in the mission statements. These companies mentioned their products or services
specifically. We can take two examples among these companies: Anlima Yarn Dying
Limited and Uttara Finance and Investment Limited:
Anlima Yarn Dying Limited
"To strive hard to be a provider of world class textile and garment products and
services ......".

5. Journal of Business Research, Vol. 6, 2004 5
Uttara Finance and Investments Limited
"To provide lease finance to professionals and technicians in attractive terms.”
3. Market: Three companies (20%) mentioned about their markets. As per the suggestion of
David, the firm should state clearly the geographic area in which it competes. Both ACI
Limited and Southeast Bank Limited stated clearly that they perform their business in
Bangladesh. Anlima Yarn Dying Limited has mentioned that they compete in
'International Market'. But they did not define the international market or in other words
they did not mention in which countries they are dealing with their products.
4. Technology: Four companies (26.67%) mentioned about their technology. For example,
Southeast Bank, in their mission statement mentioned that they provide "high quality
financial services with the help of latest technology". Square
Textiles Limited mentioned about technology by saying "Our mission is always try hard
to remain in winning position by applying advanced technology.... ...".
5. Concern for survival, growth and profitability: Three companies (20%) mentioned about
their concern for survival, growth and profitability. For example, Uttatra Finance and
Investments Limited mentioned that their mission is "To provide quality services and
ensure steady growth of the company". Southeast Bank mentioned their mission as
"Balanced growth strategy" and "Steady return on shareholders' equity". Square
Textiles Limited says they will ".....always strive hard to remain in winning position
by..... Producing quality products....".
6. Philosophy: Only three of the companies (20%) have mentioned about their philosophy of
business. Square textiles Limited has mentioned about their belief on "stringent ethical
practice". Southeast Bank Limited also mentioned about their "High standard business
ethics". Mark Bangladesh Shilpa and Engineering Limited has mentioned a completely
different mission statement like "The Holy Quran forms the basis of all our activities.
We believe in honest earning, fair practice and economic, efficient and effective
production."
7. Concern for public image: 14 companies (93.33%) companies have mentioned about their
concern for public image. For example, Southeast Bank Limited mentioned about their
"Deep commitment to the society and growth of national economy ". ACI Limited says
"ACI mission is to play leading role in enhancing the quality of life and well being of
the people of Bangladesh ...."
8. Self-concept: Out of 15 companies in the sample, no one company mentioned their self-
concept, in other words, they did not mention their competitive advantage.

6. 6 An Analysis of the Mission Statements of Selected Bangladeshi Companies
9. Concern about employees: Fourteen companies (93.33%) have mentioned about their
concern about employees. For instance, Uttara Finance and Investments Limited
mentioned: "......to ensure human resource development to meet the challenges of the
time." Southeast Bank Limited mentioned that there mission is to "...... attract and retain
quality human resource."
4. Some Other Issues
1. Shinepukur Holdings Limited, Beximco Textiles Limited, Beximco Pharmaceuticals
Limited, Beximco Infusions Ltd., Bangladesh Online Limited, Beximco Denims Limited
and Padma Textile Mills have the same mission statement without mentioning their
products and services. Though it can be said that all these companies are from the same
business group BEXIMCO, but there is no doubt that their products are different. So, it
can be said that the mission statements of these companies failed to define their
businesses as every company should have a unique mission statement (McGinnis,1981).
2. Advanced Chemical Industries Limited did not mention their customers specifically but
they mentioned that they are working for '.......the well being of the people of
Bangladesh'.
3. Singer Bangladesh Limited indirectly mentioned about their products saying that "Our
mission is to improve the quality of life of people by providing comforts and
conveniences......."
5. Conclusion
From the findings of this study a conclusion can be drawn that Bangladeshi companies are
preparing their mission statements mostly in terms of 'philosophy and ethics'. Out of 15
companies, 14 companies have included their concern for public image in the mission
statements. But in respect of using the mission statement as a strategic tool, they are not
successful. Campbell, et al (1993) said that, "Many managers misunderstand the nature and
importance of mission, while others fail to consider it at all". In case of Bangladesh, it is also
true. Bangladeshi managers are preparing the mission statements not understanding its real
use. Peter Drucker (1973) observed that, "That business purpose and business mission are so
rarely given adequate thought is perhaps the most common cause of business frustration and
failure". Bangladeshi companies are showing their mission statements in the annual reports
just to make it attractive to the public. The kind of mission statements that are prepared by
most of them cannot give any guideline for strategic management.

7. Journal of Business Research, Vol. 6, 2004 7
References
Campbell, A., Devine, M. and Young, D. (1993). A Sense of Mission,Pitman Publishing,
London.
David, F. R. (1999). Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases,_ 7`h Edition, Prentice Hall
International, Inc., New Jersy.
Davis, K., (1975). Business and Society: Environment and Responsibility _3`,
Edition,
McGraw-Hill Book Company, NY.
Drucker, P. F. (1973). Management: Task, Responsibilities and Practices, Harper & Row,
New York.
Ghosh, A. (2001). Strategic Management:Concepts and Issues, Books and Allied (P) Ltd.,
Calcutta.
Gratton, L. (1996). Implementing a Strategic Vision: Key Factors for Success, Long Range
Planning, Vol: 29, June, pp. 290-303.
McGinnis, V. (1981). The Mission Statement: A key Step in Strategic Planning, Business,
Nov.-Dec., pp. 41.

8. Appendix-1
Table 1: Components covered in the mission statements of different companies
Name of the company Customers
Products
or Services
Markets
Techno-
logy
Concern for
survival,
growth and
profitability
Philosophy
Concern for
public
image
Self-
concept
Concern for
employees
Mark Bangladesh Shilpa N N N N N Y N N N
and Engineering Limited
Beximco Denims Limited N N N N N N Y N Y
Bangladesh Online N N N N N N Y N Y
Limited
Southeast Bank Limited N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y
Beximco Infusions Limited N N N N N N Y N Y
Beximco Pharmaceuticals N N N N N N Y N Y
Limited
Beximco Textiles Limited N N N N N N Y N Y
Padma Textile Mills N N N N N N Y N Y
Limited
Advanced Chemical N N Y Y N N Y N Y
Industries Limited
Singer Bangladesh Limited N N N N N N Y N Y
Shinepukur Holdings
Limited N N N N N N Y N Y
Anlima Yam Dyeing N Y Y N N N Y N Y
Limited
Square Textiles Limited N N N Y Y Y Y N Y
The City Bank Limited Y Y N N N N Y N Y
Uttara Finance and Y Y N Y Y N Y N Y
Investments Limited
Y indicates that the companies have mentioned this component in their mission statements.
N indicates that the companies have not mentioned this component in their mission statements.

9. Appendix-2
Example of Mission Statement:
Mission Statement of American Telephone and Telegraph (AT & T) [taken from Ghosh, 2001]:
1. To strengthen and enhance the profitability and market position of the company's core business. The c o r e businesses include:
• Domestic long-distance services;
• The design, manufacture and sale of network communications equipment for operating companies;
• The design, manufacture and sale of custom-premises telecommunications equipment, which includes stand-alone computers as well as
component computers in our in our information systems.
2. To build on AT&T's strength and reputation to bring a new generation of data networking solutions to the customers.
3. To establish a major position in the international market for information movement and management. To accomplish this we will pursue
overseas partners that are established in the information industry.