The document discusses the hydrological (water) cycle through a series of lessons. It begins by defining the water cycle as the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. It then outlines the four main stages of the water cycle: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection. Each stage is described in detail. Finally, the document discusses the importance of the water cycle for providing clean water, supporting agriculture, regulating weather patterns, and more.

1. BLESSGH SCIENCE
COURSE
BASIC 7 CYCLES
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2. CYCLES
EARTH SCIENCES
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3. Hydrological Cycle
LESSON 1
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4. LESSON OUTLINE
Water
• Identify the
natural sources of
water
• Properties of
water
B.7.2.1.1.1
• Know how water
cycle occurs as a
repeated pattern
in nature.
B.7.2.1.1.2
• Describe the
importance of
water cycle in
nature.
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5. Water
• Water is a chemical compound consisting of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
• The chemical formula of water is H2O.
• Water is an essential substance that makes life possible on this planet (earth).
• About 71% of the earth’s surface is made up of this water.
• The name water typically refers to the liquid state of the compound. The solid state is known
as ice and the gas state is called steam(water vapour).
• Water is the main compound found in living organisms. Approximately 60 percent of
the human body is water.
• Water is also called a universal solvent because of its ability to dissolve a larger variety of
substances
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6. Sources of Water
There are various sources of water. About 71% of the water on the Earth’s surface is
covered with water. The three main sources of water are:
Rainwater
Groundwater
• wells
• strings etc.
Surface water
• Streams
• rivers
• Pond
• lakes etc.
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7. Physical and Chemical Properties of Water
• Pure water is a colorless, odorless liquid.
• It is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
• Pure water is a transparent liquid.
• It has a boiling point of 1000C
• It freezes at 0oC
• Water is amphoteric. In other words, it can act as both an acid
and as a base
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8. Hydrological(Water) Cycle
• A cycle is an event that occurs repeatedly.
• Water cycle shows the natural process of continuous movement
of water within the Earth and the atmosphere.
• Water cycle can be defined as the continuous movement of
water from the earth’s surface to the atmosphere and then back
to the ground (earth).
• Water is always changing states between solid, liquid and
gas(vapour) during the process.
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9. Stages of Water Cycle
• The complete water cycle is carried into four stages which are as follows:
Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation and Collection.
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10. Stage 1
Evaporation
• This is the initial stage of the water cycle. e. It is the process by which water
in its liquid state changes to vapour, a gaseous state.
• At this stage, water in the water bodies get heated up by the energy from the
sun and evaporates in the form of vapour into the air which goes up into the
atmosphere.
• This process include transpiration from plants. The process by which plants
lose water to the atmosphere in a form of vapour through their stomata.
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11. Stage 2
Condensation
• Condensation is the process by which a gas (water vapour) is changed into liquid by loss of
heat.
• As the water vapours rise higher, the cooler temperatures in the atmosphere make them cool
down and turn back into liquid(water droplets). Wind and air current move the water droplets
around, which then collides with each other, leading to the formation of clouds and fog.
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12. Stage 3
Precipitation
• Precipitation occurs when so much water droplet has condensed that the air
cannot hold it anymore.
• The clouds get heavy and water droplets falls back to the earth with the help
of gravity in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow
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13. Stage 4
• Collection.
• This is the final stage of the water cycle. It occurs when evaporated water vapour falls back to earth as
precipitation.
• This water may fall back into the different water bodies, including oceans, rivers, ponds, lakes and
even end up on the land, which in turn becomes a part of the groundwater.
• After this stage, water is evaporated again and resume stage I. This shows how water cycle has been
going on for millions of years, thus bringing fresh water to people, animals, and plants, helping them
to survive on earth.
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14. The importance of water cycle. In terms of:
• Energy source: The water cycle releases energy into the environment through evaporation, which can
help warm the surrounding air and provide an energy source for living organisms
• Carrier of nutrients: The water cycle transports essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and
potassium from the soil to plants and other organisms. It also carries organic matter and minerals
downstream, providing food for aquatic organisms.
• Improving water table: The water cycle helps to replenish groundwater reserves, which are a vital source
of freshwater for many communities. When it rains, some of the water seeps into the ground and
replenishes the water table, which are a vital source of fresh water for human consumption, agriculture,
and industry.
• Regulating weather patterns: The water cycle regulates weather patterns around the world, producing
rain and snow that distribute water and maintain a stable climate.
• Provision of clean water: The water cycle naturally purifies water through filtration, providing clean
water for people and other living organisms
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15. Importance Of The Water Cycle To A Community
1.Provides clean drinking water
2.Supports agriculture and food supply
3.Maintains healthy ecosystems
4.Provides water for industrial processes
5.Helps regulate weather patterns and prevent natural disasters like floods
and droughts
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16. END OF OUR
LESSON
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