Network Layer

Computer Networks Chapter 5 Network Layer The Network layer in The Internet By Abdul Ghaffar

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The IPV4 Protocol All Internet hosts and gateways process IP datagrams.

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],IP Header

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The IPV4 Protocol

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The IPV4 Protocol

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],The IPV4 Protocol

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The IPV4 Protocol

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The IPV4 Protocol

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The IPV4 Protocol

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IPV4 Addresses

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IPV4 Addresses Address Classes The Internet designers were unsure whether the world would evolve into a few networks with many hosts (e.g., large networks), or many networks each supporting only a few hosts (e.g., small networks). Thus, Internet addresses handle both large and small networks. Internet address are four bytes in size, where:

Network Layer In The Internet IPV4 Addresses

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IPV4 Addresses

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IPV4 Addresses

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IPV4 Addresses

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Subnets This usage of “Subnets” is different from that we used before to define the routers and lines in a network.

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Subnets

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Subnets

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Subnets

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Subnets

Network Layer In The Internet Subnets

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Internet Control Protocols IP Transport TCP/UDP ICMP

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Internet Control Protocols IP Transport TCP/UDP ICMP

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Internet Control Protocols

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Internet Control Protocols

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Internet Control Protocols

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Internet Control Protocols

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ARP

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ARP IP Transport TCP/UDP ARP DLL

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ARP IP Transport TCP/UDP ARP DLL

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ARP

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ARP

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Reverse ARP

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],DHCP

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Gateway Protocol

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Interior Gateway Protocol - OSPF

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Interior Gateway Protocol - OSPF

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Interior Gateway Protocol - OSPF

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Interior Gateway Protocol - OSPF

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Exterior Gateway Protocol - BGP

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IPv6

Network Layer In The Internet IPv6

Examples TCP/IP Routing Network 140.192.10.0 140.192.100.0 Interface 0 1 140.192.201.0 2 140.192.34.0 3 Routing Table Layer 2 <--> Layer 3 Table Network.Host 140.192.10.5 140.192.10.25 Layer 2 0060CA23BE45 0060CA34CD29 140.192.100.34 0060CA4AD2EE 140.192.100.8 0060CAAABBCC ARP Table 140.192.201.22 0060CA3499CC 140.192.201.126 0060CA3499DE 140.192.34.34 0060CA114499 140.192.34.35 0060CA7819AA

Network Layer In The Internet Some Useful Tools Find out where a web site is located. www.netsol.com/cgi-bin/whois/whois Netstat - tells you about the connections you have open on your machine. Ping - tells you how long it takes to get to a destination (and if there is a route to that destination. Arp - gives information about the routing table. Finger - tells you who is logged on. ftp - gets you data from a remote site. Route - tells you information about the routing tables. Netsh – lots of niffty data. Telnet – allows you to log on to a remote host. Tracert – Find the paths to remote sites. A useful site is www.traceroute.org These tools are available on your windows machine in c:inntystem32

Network Layer In The Internet ,[object Object],An Example Network

Network Layer

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