The Comet Research Group and I developed this presentation on the Younger Dryas Impact. I have long thought such a show should be made "open source" so any interested science geek could give the presentation to a local astronomy or geology club, rotary, classroom, or whomever you like. Or to just to review the subject in a linear graphical nature by yourself. I'd like to think this effort is the current state of the art, so to speak.
It will be modified and improved as the evidence for the cataclysm continues to pile up, and there is a larger and more extensive version coming I welcome your suggestions for modification and improvement. But for now, have at it, and let me know what you think. I plan to "annotate" this and future efforts when I have the time.
George Howard ~~
@cosmictusk
www.cosmictusk.com www.cosmicsummit.com
14. Black Mat on Three Continents
Lindenmeier site, Colorado 14
15. Black Mat on Three Continents
Lindenmeier site, Colorado 15
16. Black Mat on Three Continents
Blackwater Draw Clovis site, New Mexico 16
17. Black Mat on Three Continents
Blackwater Draw Clovis site, New Mexico 17
18. Black Mat on Three Continents
Sheriden Cave, Ohio 18
19. Black Mat on Three Continents
Sheriden Cave, Ohio 19
20. Black Mat on Three Continents
Topper Clovis quarry, S Carolina 20
21. Black Mat on Three Continents
Topper Clovis quarry, S Carolina 21
22. Black Mat on Three Continents
Ojo de Agua site, Mexico 22
23. Black Mat on Three Continents
Ojo de Agua site, Mexico 23
24. Black Mat on Three Continents
Pilauco site, Chile, S America 24
25. Black Mat on Three Continents
Pilauco site, Chile, S America 25
26. Black Mat on Three Continents
Lommel site, Belgium 26
27. Black Mat on Three Continents
Lommel site, Belgium 27
28. SIMULTANEOUS: all went extinct abruptly ~12,800 years ago.
WIDESPREAD: 35 groups in North America, Asia, and Europe
Extinctions in N. America
12,800
years
ago
UNUSUAL: extinct species had lasted for millions of years
28
29. Lethal Technology
Fluted points on replaceable foreshafts
Clovis “repeating rifle”
29
Did Clovis people do it?
Unlikely Clovis people killed millions of animals
31. Murray Springs, Arizona
31
Tusks
Eloise the Mammoth
Spherules, Iridium,
and Platinum on
top of the Bones
Eloise stained by
Black mat
Black mat mixed
with Impact
Material
34. Murray Springs, Arizona
Clovis people gone.
Mammoths gone.
Within a few hours
to weeks at most
12,800 years ago
34
Black mat covers
Footprints
35. 35
Clovis Points
indicate lots of
Clovis people
across the
continent
at 12,800
years ago
Animals went Extinct.
What about People?
36. Decline in # of post-Clovis projectile points after 12.8 ka
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
Virginia
200
9”
YDB
36
37. Decline in # of post-Clovis projectile points after 12.8 ka
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
Tennessee
Virginia
250
200
9”
YDB
37
38. Decline in # of post-Clovis projectile points after 12.8 ka
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
S. Carolina
Tennessee
Virginia
450
250
200
9”
YDB
38
39. Decline in # of post-Clovis projectile points after 12.8 ka
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
Tennessee
S. Carolina
Tennessee
Virginia
800
450
250
200
9”
YDB
39
40. Decline in # of post-Clovis projectile points after 12.8 ka
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
Kentucky
Tennessee
S. Carolina
Tennessee
Virginia
850
800
450
250
200
9”
0 points
YDB
Above
Black
Mat,
Clovis
Points
vanish
from
all
sites
40
FEWER POINTS mean FEWER PEOPLE
Quarries were like Home Depot. A place to get tools
2450 points
41. Abandonment of Topper, SC Quarry
Many Spherules atop Clovis points and debitage
No spherules below Clovis points and debitage
Snapshot: impact right after chert was dropped
Quarry abandoned for ~500 years or more
42. 12,800 years ago,
At the time of the impact
More than half the people
in the
Northern Hemisphere
Vanished! Imagine that.
Thank you for inviting me here today
--What the sky may have been like 12,900 years ago.
-- artist’s rendering added to photo from space
When Marilee first invited me
I wondered if some of you might think
what’s he doing at a microscope conference
shouldn’t he be at a telescope conference
all that left of impact small – need microscope
without SEM and TEM not know exists
--More than 30 collaborators
--18 Universities
--quintessential collaboration across disciplines
--needed everyone
====================================================
--mention 3 from NAU plus Marilee
At the Topper Site, sample a layer just above the debitage, taken as a YDB chrono-strat indicator.
Above the debitage layer, dated to 12.9 Ka BP, debitage is absent for depth equivalent to a multi-century hiatus
Debitage formed the depth limit for YDB associated soil samples
Debitage removed from excavated pedestals to create debitage shadowed sample for comparison.