3. the www vs. the internet
World Wide Web is not the Internet. The Internet is a network on computers that
communicate with each other. It has been in existence since the 1960s. It does not have
a presentation layer.
The World Wide Web is a system of publishing content (html), a system of addresses (urls),
and a protocol for traversing between pages of content (http).
The World Wide Web begins with one webpage, which becomes a collection of webpages
organized and connected with links that form a website, which becomes a collection of
websites connected with links, and so on and so forth.
4. web philosophy
The World Wide Web was created with the intention to provide universal access to
knowledge. It uses languages with simple syntax, does not require special software,
and is nationless.
5. course philosophy
The World Wide Web is a powerful creative tool. Our studio projects and exercises are
intended move us beyond portfolios and corporate sites, to explore web design as a
medium with rich potential for integration into our current design practices.
Our seminar readings and discussions will challenge us to think expansively about web
design, web culture, and new media technologies. Rather than celebrating technology,
they should encourage us to remain open-minded and critical.
7. file naming
No spaces
Only dash (-) and underscores (_) are allowed
Always use an extension, such as filename.jpg or filename.html
Good rule of thumb: lowercase.jpg, lower_case.jpg or lower-case.jpg or camelCase.jpg
8. file organization
Don’t develop on your desktop!
Create a dedicated folder for each project, exercise, etc.
For each project, it’s helpful to create a subfolder (with that project folder) for images
Similarly, you should create subfolders for your CSS and JavaScripts
9. htMl 1
IntroduCtIon to Code
Web Design , gR APH -327 1- 01
Instructor: Erika Tarte
Rhode Island School of Design
Wintersession 2011
11. html, the text that makes the web go ‘round
HTML = HyperText Markup Language
Formatting language
System of tags communicating a webpage’s content (elements) to the browser
Can be created in any text editor (TextEdit, Dreamweaver, Notepad, etc.)
Uses a .html extension
13. html tags
Written inside angle brackets (<>)
Consists of an opening tag and closing tag
Tells browser which elements are contained on a page
14. html tags
<html> </html>
a tAg consists of an oPening tAg & closing tAg for an html element
<h1>Primary Headline</h1>
<h2>Secondary Headline</h2>
<p>Paragraph of text</p>
<a href="http://www.google.com">Link</a>
tags communicate content semAntics
15. html attributes
All html tags have attributes
An attribute is a quality or characteristic of the element
Elements can have multiple attributes
19. html class & id attributes
These 2 attributes give you more control over the elements once you begin using CSS
No inherent styles or properties
Different elements can share the same class
IDs are unique, and different elements can’t share them
20. html class & id attributes
<a href="http://google.com" class="button">Link</a>
<a href="http://google.com" id="button1">Link</a>
21. html + css
CSS = Cascading Style Sheet
HTML says what to display, CSS says how to display it!
You should think about HTML as a structural layer, and CSS as presentation layer
Simple text file containing rules for how to display HTML elements
Browsers have default rules for displaying elements, so we use CSS to override those rules
But, concerning code, it all begins with HTML
28. html elements
There are many elements, and new ones were just recently introduced with HTML5
You don’t need to memorize them all
Bookmark W3Schools.com, an excellent resource for referencing elements, their tags, their
attributes, and all the possible values of those attributes. You can see how the code is
implemented, and experiment with live demonstrations.
31. html elements: links
<p>You can nest elements, like <a href="http://google.com">a link</a>
inside of your paragraph </p>
<p>You should always nest links within grouping element, like a
paragraph or...</p>
32. html elements: lists
<ul>
<li><a href=”http://google.com”>Link</a></li>
<li><a href=”http://google.com”>Link</a></li>
<li><a href=”http://google.com”>Link</a></li>
</ul>
this is an example of an unoRDeReD lis t (ul)
33. html elements: lists
<ol>
<li><a href=”http://google.com”>Link</a></li>
<li><a href=”http://google.com”>Link</a></li>
<li><a href=”http://google.com”>Link</a></li>
</ol>
this is an example of an oRDeReD lis t (ol)
34. html elements: lists
Here’s an important lesson in semantic code
You can use CSS to identically style unordered and ordered lists
BUT you should use the proper list for the content you are organizing
Ordered lists contain information with an emphasis on order (a waitlist, for example)
Unordered lists contain information without such emphasis (a grocery list, for example)
Lists, regardless of type, may be nested within each other
Example: a grocery list (unordered) with nested brand preferences (ordered)
35. html elements: lists
<ul>
<li>Soda
<ol>
<li>Yacht Club Cola</li>
<li>Coke</li>
<li>Pepsi</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Tortilla Chips</li>
<li>Salsa</li>
<li>Avocados</li>
</ul>
this is an example of an oRDeReD lis t (ol) within an unoRDeReD lis t (ol)
36. html elements: strong words and emphasis
<p>Sometimes its difficult to distinguish between style and
structure. In typographic design, bold and italicized styles
are often used to improve or enhance readability. That’s the
presentation layer.</p>
<p>To use bold and italicized text to communicate meaning and
structure, web designers use <em>emphasis</em>
and <strong>strength</strong> on a structural level, meaning
some words should be <em>emphasizes</em> (typically but not
necessarily with italics) some words should be <strong>strongly
emphasized</strong>.</p>
37. htMl 2
seMantIC Code
Web Design , gR APH -327 1- 01
Instructor: Erika Tarte
Rhode Island School of Design
Wintersession 2011
38. in-class exercise: digitizing a document
Today we will practice HTML syntax (rules) and semantics (meaning) by translating printed
documents into syntactically and semantically correct HTML code.
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45. in-class exercise: digitizing a document
W 3 scHool s
http://w3schools.com
W 3 scHool s Html 5 elements RefeRence
http://www.w3schools.com/html5/html5 _ reference.asp
PeRioDic tAb le of Html5 elements
http://joshduck.com/periodic-table.html