Energy Resources Conventional Energy Resources Fossil fuels Nuclear energy Hydroelectric energy Non-conventional Energy Resources Wind energy Bio-fuel Solar energy Tidal energy Energy Resources Conventional Energy Resources Fossil fuels Nuclear energy Hydroelectric energy Non-conventional Energy Resources Wind energy Bio-fuel Solar energy Tidal energy Energy Resources Conventional Energy Resources Fossil fuels Nuclear energy Hydroelectric energy Non-conventional Energy Resources Wind energy Bio-fuel Solar energy Tidal energy Energy Resources Conventional Energy Resources Fossil fuels Nuclear energy Hydroelectric energy Non-conventional Energy Resources Wind energy Bio-fuel Solar energy Tidal energy Hydrogen fuel energy Geothermal energy References

1. Topic:- Energy Resources
Subject Name :- Hazards & Safety Management
Subject Code:- MQA201T
Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance
Smt. B. N. B. Swaminarayan Pharmacy College, Salvav–vapi
Presented by:-
Machhi Dhruvi A.
2nd sem M.Pharm.

2. CONTENTS
 Energy Resources
 Conventional Energy Resources
Fossil fuels
Nuclear energy
Hydroelectric energy
 Non-conventional Energy Resources
Wind energy
Bio-fuel
Solar energy
Tidal energy
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 2

3. Hydrogen fuel energy
Geothermal energy
 References
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 3

4. ENERGY RESOURCES
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 4

5. Energy resources
 Energy is defined as the capacity to do work.
 Energy is found on our planet in a variety of forms, some of which are
immediately useful to do work, while others require a process of
transformation.
 The sun is the primary energy source in our lives.
 Energy Resources are the main components which drive & improve the life
cycle of humans. These resources are like a gift received from nature. The
rate of progress of human is directly proportional to the rate of consumption
of energy.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 5

6.  The Energy resources are natural resources that are both renewable and non-
renewable in nature.
 It is one of the important resources required for development. Such resources are
used by common individuals;
 In their routine activities
Agriculture
In transportation as fuels ex. petroleum & diesel
for industrial purposes
 With the increasing population, the need for energy resources is also increasing
which will ultimately increase the exploitation of the various energy resources.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 6

7.  There are mainly two types of energy resources based on Traditional Use.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 7
Energy
Resources
Conventional
Non-
Conventional

8. Conventional Energy Resources
 The traditional energy is used by human from a very long period of time are
known as conventional energy resources.
 Conventional energy sources have been with us since a long time & they are the
common utilities used for both commercial as well as household purposes.
 The mankind has been using these energy sources since centuries.
 As majority of these energy resources do not have the facility of natural
replenishment except hydropower, thus they are categorized as non-renewable
energy source.
 Ex., Hydroelectric energy, fossil fuels, nuclear energy
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 8

9. 21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 9
Conventional
Energy
Resources
1. Fossil fuels
2. Nuclear
Energy
3.
Hydroelectric
Energy

10. 1. Fossil Fuels
 Fossil fuels are one of the oldest energy resources used by humans. The main
sources of these energy are the remains of prehistoric plants & animals.
 Formation of carbon-containing fuels takes millions of years. The dead
remains of plants & animals under heat & pressure in the earth's crust
transforms into fossil fuels.
 Due to industrial revolution, the demand for has increased tremendously.
Fossil fuels are the source for fulfilling increased needs of industries.
 These fossil fuels are mainly obtained from the crust of Earth where they are
created with the help of heat & pressure on flowing organic substances which
were buried under the Earth due to landslides, lava, earthquakes & so on.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 10

11.  Fossil fuels mainly exist in following three forms:
1. Solid (ex. Coal)
2. Liquid (ex. petroleum) &
3. Gaseous (ex. natural gas)
 Coal is one of the prominently found fossil fuels around the world. It is used for
generation in thermal plants, industrial purposes, household purposes like
cooking, heating, etc.
 Petroleum is majorly used as fuel in transportation. Besides, it is also used in
agriculture & some other industries.
 Natural gas is also used in cooking and for industrial purposes.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 11

12.  The energy released during nuclear fission or fusion is called as Nuclear Energy.
 Nuclear energy is mainly used as an alternative energy resource. The nuclear
fission of uranium is used for the creation of heat thereby which a heat transfer
mechanism is formed, which is used to rotate the turbines through which
electricity is produced.
 In nuclear power plants, sustained nuclear fission is used for the generation of
nuclear energy & to perform various other works.
 Controlled nuclear energy is commonly used in nuclear electric plants, nuclear
ships & submarines for producing heat; while it is decayed naturally in space in a
radioisotope thermoelectric generator.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 12
2. Nuclear Energy

13.  Hydro energy is basically the activity of converting the kinetic energy of
water flow from a river into electricity which can be used for the
consumption.
 The power which is produced from the energy or force of the moving water
is termed as Hydro-energy or Hydro-power, hydraulic power or water power.
 The main use of hydropower is in the field of irrigation. It is also used in
operating different types of machines such dock cranes & domestic lifts,
watermills, textile sawmills, etc.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 13
3. Hydroelectric Energy

14.  The electricity which is produced with the help of hydropower is called
Hydroelectricity, in which the electricity is produced from gravitational force
of flowing or falling water.
 In this method of electricity generation, a turbine is rotated with the help
falling under gravitational force. This turbine is then connected to the
generator which produces electricity.
 India is considered to be one of the leading Countries in the world in terms of
hydroelectric power plants.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 14

15.  The energy resources which are still in their development phase from last few
years, are termed as non-conventional energy resources.
 They are mainly utilized for the production of energy such as solar, geothermal
heat, wind, tides, biomass (including farm, animal waste), known as non-
conventional energy.
 The non-conventional energy resources are inexhaustible & renewable in nature.
 They are environmental friendly & do not cause any harm or pollute the
environment. In fact the required investment in producing non-conventional
energy is also very low.
 These sources are found in abundance in nature & can be easily renewed as they
involve less investment & low efforts.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 15
Non-Conventional Energy Resources

16. Wind Energy
Bio-Fuel
Solar Energy
Tidal Energy
Hydrogen Fuel Energy
Geothermal Energy
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 16
Non-Conventional Energy Resources

17.  Wind can be understood as air in motion.
 Wind turbines can be used to convert the mechanical energy product by wind into
electrical energy.
 It is a renewable source of energy because it will continue to exist as long as life
prevails on Earth.
 The locations where wind is in abundance can be used for the establishment of wind
turbines which can further be connected with a power grid so that the electricity
produced can be generated.
 Wind Energy can be used :
In production of Electricity
For operating Flourmills
Running Pumps
Propelling the Sailboats
In production of Electricity
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 17
1. Wind Energy

18.  Those energy resources which are obtained from the biological carbon
fixation process are known as bio fuels. In simple words, energy produced
from decomposition of bio-degradable wastes is known as bio-fuel.
 It is mainly a form of hydrocarbon which is produced from a living organism
which can be utilized by human being to produce power.
 The source of these bio fuels are either the living organism or the metabolic
byproducts such as food or organism wastes.
 Bio-fuel has following applications:
Produce electricity
As a fuel in cooking
Heat generation
In transportation
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 18
2. Bio Fuel

19.  Solar energy gained from Sun is one of the inexhaustible & pollution-free sources
of energy.
 The most effective & viable solution of fossil fuels & for different types of
various other energy alternatives is the solar as it does not result in the production
of any carbon dioxide.
 Photovoltaic cells are mainly used to convert the sunlight into electricity which
are fixed on the solar panel in such a manner that the maximum sunlight can be
absorbed & electricity can be produced.
 Solar Energy is used in following Solar equipment;
Solar Water Heater, Solar Cooker, Solar panel, Solar Dryer
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 19
3. Solar Energy

20.  Tidal energy is the energy produced from the ocean waves & various other types of
water bodies on the planet.
 The harnessing of the ebb (the movement of tide out to sea) & now of the tides is
the main source of electric power generation in tidal power.
 Tidal power has potential to become source of electricity generation in future
replacing hydropower & coal.
 In comparison to solar & wind power, the predictability of tides is relatively better.
 Tidal energy is used in;
Production of tidal electricity
Operating grain mills
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 20
4. Tidal Energy

21.  Hydrogen is considered as the most effective alternatives of fossil fuel.
 Very less amount of emission & in fact, zero emission is associated with hydrogen
as a fuel to use in machines.
 Electric energy can be produced with the help of hydrogen fuel by using some
electrochemical processes in which fuel cells or hydrogen combustion engine can
be used to burn the hydrogen.
 Hydrogen combustion engines are also proving to be the alternative of carbon-free
hydrogen fuel.
 It can be used;
Alternative source of energy
Fuel cells can be used at home as well as industries
To charge the batteries of phone, laptop, etc.
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 21
5. Hydrogen Fuel Energy

22. 6. Geothermal Energy
 Two Greek words geo (Earth) & therme (heat) are the source of the source of
'Geothermal' which means that heat inside of Earth.
 Geothermal energy is obtained from heat produced within the Earth.
 Applications of Geothermal energy are as follows;
Electricity production
Production of heat & steam
In food processing industry
Provide heat for residential use
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 22

23. REFERENCES
1. Dr. Y. K. Singh, in "Environmental Science" ; New age international
publishers, New Delhi, 2006, pp: 10-
2. Erach Bharucha in "Textbook of environmental studies for
undergraduate courses"; University Grant Commission, New Delhi, 2004,
pp: 20-
4. Dr. M. S. Kumar, Dr. Virendra Kumar, in Environmental Science,
Thakur Publication, Lucknow, pp: 67-68
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 23

24. Thank you
21-05-2022
Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 24