Video Captions and Transcripts Made Easy , or at least easier
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The document discusses various methods for creating captions and transcripts for videos. It defines captions and subtitles, and covers finding videos with existing captions on YouTube. Methods are presented for editing automatic captions generated by YouTube, creating transcripts, and using the .vtt file format for captions. Keyboard shortcuts for YouTube captions are also listed. The overall goal is to make video accessibility easier.
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Video Captions and Transcripts Made Easy , or at least easier
- 1. Video Captions and Transcripts Made Easy or At Least Easier Barry Dahl, D2L Teaching & Learning Advocate
- 2. Shared for your use: Creative Commons Attribution • You are free to use these slides and ideas in any way you choose. • A little attribution is nice, but whether you do or don’t won’t really affect me in the grand scheme of things. • Go forth and be accessible. • Resources: • http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 3. Items to cover 1. Finding videoswith good captions 2. Editingcaptions inYouTube 3. Creatingvideotranscripts 4. CaptionsKeyboardShortcuts 5. The lesseasy–.vttcaptions fileformat http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 4. Definitions
- 5. Basic Definitions Captions: a text overlay on video representing the video dialog. Subtitles: transcription of the captions text into another language. Outside North America, these two terms are mostly used interchangeably. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 6. Open or Closed? Closed Captions are not visible on-screen until activated by the viewer. Open Captions are embedded into the video, visible to all viewers, and cannot be turned off. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 7. Online or Offline? Online Closed Captions: also referred to as live closed captioning, captions are created on-the-fly for live broadcasts. Offline Closed Captions: are part of the video creation process where there isn’t a live broadcast, giving transcribers more time and resources to create accurate captions. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 8. Finding videos with good captions
- 9. YouTube Automatic Captions “We've combined Google's automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology with the YouTube caption system to offer automatic captions, or auto-caps for short. Auto-caps use the same voice recognition algorithms in Google Voice to automatically generate captions for video. (Nov. 2009) http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 10. Examples of bad Auto-Caps • Four examples of bad auto-caps from YouTube video: • On what are the easiest place if you already have a track • Acceded is just you never 18 tracks • On from your content since canceling a psychology since the basic structure • Up in that case study and then I’m going to sleep 6ut iron cactus http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 11. Video Example, this is real Here’s a video to demonstrate how bad the automatic captions can be. (Also linked on Resources page) http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 12. Just for fun… Here’s a video to demonstrate how bad the automatic captions can be. (Also linked on Resources page) http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 13. Finding Captioned Videos • If you want to use a YouTube video and want to find one that has good captions, you might want to avoid the videos with Auto-Caps. • If a video has voice, then it has captions using Auto- Caps. However, those captions might be terrible. However, if the captions have been edited, or a transcript has been uploaded, then that video might be much more valuable. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 14. CC (Closed Captions) Search Filter • To find captioned videos that have been “touched” on YouTube: 1. Enter your search term in the YouTube search field. 2. Add , CC (that's a comma, CC) • This is the same effect as using the Filters button and choosing CC 3. Hit Enter or click the magnifying glass icon.
- 16. Editing Captions in YouTube
- 17. Editing YouTube Captions Options to add or edit closed captions in YouTube: 1. Create subtitles or CC from scratch 2. Upload a subtitle or CC file, containing both text and time codes 3. Transcribe and allow auto-sync (auto-timings) 4. Use auto-caps (untouched) http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 18. Check the Auto-Caps • Sometimes, the auto-caps are somewhat accurate. • Sometimes, not so much. • It is usually (but not always) easier to edit the automatic captions rather than starting from scratch.
- 19. Editing Auto-Caps • Here's how you can review automatic captions and make changes, if needed: • Click the “Edit Video” blue button below your YouTube video. • On the “Video Details” page, click the Subtitles” link on left menu. • If automatic captions are available, you'll see English (Automatic) and "Published" on the Video Subtitles list. • Click the blue link “DUPLICATE AND EDIT.” • Use the caption editor to change or remove any parts that haven't been properly transcribed. Also adjust timings. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 20. Example of Editing Auto-Caps Let’s try it on the fly. Go to YouTube http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 21. Try YouTube’s Auto-Timing (now Auto-Sync) • “We’re also launching automatic caption timing, or auto-timing, to make it significantly easier to create captions manually.” • “With auto-timing, you no longer need to have special expertise to create your own captions in YouTube.” • “All you need to do is create a simple text file with all the words in the video and we’ll use Google’s ASR technology to figure out when the words are spoken and create captions for your video.” (Nov. 2009) http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 22. Finding Auto-Sync • On Video Subtitles page, click ADD • Select Auto-sync. • Upload your transcript file. • NOTE: somewhat hidden – click three vertical dots next to EDIT TIMINGS • Select ”Without timing” and then YouTube will assign timings automatically. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 23. Fun Tip: Move the Captions Window • Captions are automatically placed at the bottom of the screen, with a black background. • It’s possible that the captions obstruct an important visual element in your YouTube video. • Using your mouse, you can drag-and-drop the captions window anywhere you choose. • You can do this with any video that has captions available, not just your own videos. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 24. Creating Video Transcripts Sometimes captions are not enough
- 25. Captions vs. Transcripts • Captions appear onscreen simultaneously with the audio and video and follows the same timing. • Captions exists within the video player, and typically can’t be referenced outside of the video. • A transcript is the same word-for-word content as captions but presented in a separate document. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 26. Captions and Transcripts in YouTube
- 27. Option 1: Create Video Script First Unless you’re doing an informal, off-the-cuff video, creating a script prior to recording your video is a very useful practice. Turn on voice-to-text and start talking, experiment a little, and see what sounds good and what doesn’t. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 28. Option 2: Create Transcript while Recording Video No time to practice first? Okay, make your technology multi-task while recording your video. • Record the video as normal • Also use speech recognition to convert your voice-to- text. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 29. Option 3: Create Transcript from Video Captions • Already have your video created with captions? • On YouTube, you can copy and paste the captions/transcript to create a transcript that is not held captive by YouTube. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 30. Voice-to-Text Using Mobile Phone Advantages • Can be done offline • My phone does excellent voice recognition and text conversion (YMMV) • Easy to edit and save the transcribed text in Evernote, Google Docs, or similar • Free (well, already paid for at least) http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 31. Captions – Keyboard Shortcuts
- 32. YouTube Keyboard Shortcuts •While on YouTube, you can display the various keyboard shortcuts with “Shift + ?” •Playback shortcuts might be useful if you watch a lot of videos. •Captions shortcuts are good to know if you work with YouTube captions a lot. http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 33. Shortcuts are Awesome Commonly used shortcuts during YouTube playback Toggle play/pause K Rewind 10 seconds J Fast forward 10 seconds L Previous frame (while paused) , Next frame (while paused) . Decrease playback rate < (SHIFT+,) Increase playback rate > (SHIFT+.) Seek to specific point in the video (7 advances to 70% of duration) 0...9 http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 34. Shortcuts for Captions If the YouTube video supports captions: Toggle captions ON/OFF C Rotate through different text opacity levels O Rotate through different window opacity levels W Rotate through font sizes (increasing) + Rotate through font sizes (decreasing) - http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 35. Test out some shortcuts Here’s a video to demonstrate how bad the automatic captions can be. (Also linked on Resources page)
- 36. Web Video Text Tracks or WebVTT .vtt fileformat
- 37. WebVTT is built for HTML5 •Often abbreviatedas VTT, WebVTT isa captionfileformat for displayingtext tied to an HTML5 element. •The fileextensionis.vtt •Due to improvedcapabilitiesfor mobileuses, and being a W3C standard,VTT has emerged asa popularfile formatfor closedcaptions.
- 38. YouTube and VTT • YouTube accepts VTT caption files, but currently not all featured are supported. • Main features currently supported include: • “positioning” of the captions on-screen • Adding the following tags to your captions text: • <b>bold</b> • <u>underline</u> • <I>italic</i> http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 39. VTT Captions – an example http://bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- 40. The End: Video Captions and Transcripts Made Easy or At Least Easier Barry Dahl, D2L bit.ly/Dahlvideo
Editor's Notes
- These slides are available in the Fusion On-Demand course and also online at Slideshare, just search for the session title name. I share almost everything I do, and typically assign the Creative Commons Attribution type of copyright “protection” which means you are free to use my stuff as you like – but it is nice to get a shout out (or attribution) from time to time. Resources shared at bit.ly/Dahlvideo
- We’re going to try to cover 5 items in this session. Wish me luck.
- Before we get too far down this road, Let's make sure that we are all using the same terms
- Some people use the terms captions and subtitles interchangeably , however that is not accurate , at least not in North America. As you can see on the screen, captions are a text overlay on the video representing the video dialogue while;e Subtitles: transcription of the captions text into another language.
- Then there is the difference between closed captions and open captions. Many people say the term closed captions even when that's not what they mean. Closed captions are not visible on your video screen until the viewer turns them on. Open captions are an integral part of the video and are always visible to all viewers and they cannot be turned off
- Another distinction is between online closed captions and offline closed captions. Online closed captions could also be called live captions, where a human or robotic captioner is converting speech to text on the fly. All our virtual Fusion sessions have a live captioner, so this presentation has online closed captions. Offline closed captions is where the captions have been produced and published prior to the video being viewed, such as what we will look at for your YouTube videos.
- Up first – Finding videos created by others that have good captions. So let's assume that you want to find a video to use in your class, but you don't want to take the time to make it yourself. In many cases you'll find a useful video that someone else has created and made available for your use. We won't look at copyright implications right now, since that is not what this presentation is about, so let's assume that they have given rights to use such as Creative Commons licensing.
- YouTube is the motherload of online videos, so that’s where I’ll concentrate my ideas today. It’s been 11 years since YouTube implemented auto-caps – which is short for automatic captioning service. Auto caps on YouTube videos mean that any video with spoken word has captions. The auto caps are usually created in the first hour after a video is uploaded. Luckily, it's easy to find videos where the captions are potentially better than just the auto captions.
- Four examples of bad auto-caps from YouTube video: On what are the easiest place if you already have a track Acceded is just you never 18 tracks On from your content since canceling a psychology since the basic structure Up in that case study and then I’m going to sleep 6ut iron cactus
- Here’s a quick example of what happens to me every time I put a video on YouTube.
- Here’s a fun video to demonstrate how bad the automatic captions can be. (Also linked on Resources page) Rhett and Link are YouTube stars. One of their bits is Caption Fail. Search for Lady Gaga Putt-Putt Rally for a fun example of how bad the auto-caps can be.
- If you want to use a YouTube video and want to find one that has good captions, you might want to avoid the videos with Auto-Caps. If a video has voice, then it has captions using Auto-Caps. However, those captions might be terrible. But, if the captions have been edited (or touched as I like to call it), or a transcript has been uploaded, then that video might be much more valuable.
- To find captioned videos that have been “touched” on YouTube: Enter your search term in the YouTube search field. Add , CC (that's a comma, CC) - This is the same effect as using the Filters button and choosing CC Hit Enter or click the magnifying glass icon.
- The first image indicates 73,600 search results for the search term “debits and credits” in YouTube. The second image shows the same search filtered by the closed caption requirement. Now there are 1,950 search results to choose from, and all those videos have captions that have been “touched,” so maybe they have better captions. You still need to view the video with the captions turned on and make sure that the captions are fairly accurate and well-timed.
- Our second topic – Uploading your own videos to YouTube and then fixing the AutoCaps
- As you can see on the screen there are four main options for adding or editing closed captions in YouTube. You could create your subtitles from scratch, which is probably not what I would choose to do at least not very often. You can have a text file of your captions and upload that into YouTube and that text file could contain text and timing codes as number two shows, or your transcript could be text only and let YouTube auto-sync using their Auto timings tool for the time codes. The fourth option is to let YouTube create the auto caps and then just leave them. That actually might work sometimes, if you speak clearly, don't use jargon, and if you get really lucky.
- The first thing that I would typically do after uploading a video to YouTube is to check the auto caps. Remember you may have to wait 30 to 60 Minutes for those Auto caps to appear. Usually I want to edit the auto caps but, since some of them will be useful. I find that easier than starting from scratch almost every time. Similar to the example with the monkey video, here's where the auto caps said that this is very dull, which I then corrected using the YouTube caption editor
- To edit the auto captions on YouTube, you might have to poke around just a little bit. I'm going to give you instructions that worked yesterday, but they do tend to change the interface frequently. On your video page, you will see a blue edit video button, if you own the video anyway. That brings you to a video Details page where you should be able to access the subtitles in at least one way. if you see captions on the list that have language and then automatic, and published, that means that your video does have the automatic captions currently available. they give you a link to duplicate and edit and that's when the fun begins.
- Let’s go to a video with lousy captions. I just so happen to have one.
- Our third topic – Creating transcripts for videos without typing them out word for word
- Our fourth topic – keyboard shortcuts for YouTube videos and captions
- There are many keyboard shortcuts on YouTube and some of them can be very useful. Most people are aware of using the forward arrow and back arrow keys to jump 5 seconds ahead or backward. Those are commonly-used keyboard shortcuts. Here are some others for general YouTube video viewing.
- Our last topic is something that is relatively new to me. As I was working on some updates to this presentation, I went down this rabbit hole and stayed there for a couple of days. Most people use SRT file format captions. But let’s take a look at captions in the VTT format