Data Warehousing, Data Mining, Data Marts, Data Cube, OLAP Operations, Introduction to Common Messaging System, Web Tier Deployment, Application Servers & Clustered Deployment, IBM Notes and IBM Domino

1. Application & Middleware
Overview

2. At a Glance
• Data Warehousing
• Introduction to Common Messaging System
• Web Tier Deployment, Application Servers & Clustered
Deployment
• IBM Notes & Dominos (Email)
25-Aug-2017 2 of 99

4. Data Warehouse
• Conceptualized by Bill Inmon, 1990
• Data Warehouse or Enterprise Data Warehouse
– An integrated collection of databases (DB) rather than a single
database.
– A data warehouse is a centralized data repository that stores
data from multiple diverse (heterogeneous/homogenous)
information sources.
• Data repository which mostly includes historical/archived data.
• Features of Data warehouses
– Constructed by integrating data from heterogeneous sources
– Provides information of a particular time period.
– Non-volatile and separated from operational DB.
25-Aug-2017 4 of 99

5. Data Mining
• Patented by HNC Software Inc., San Diago in 1980s
• Process of extracting meaningful data from data warehouse.
i.e. Knowledge Discovery from a Data warehouse
– Relies on the data compiled in the data warehousing phase in
order to detect meaningful patterns.
– Finding patterns, trends & correlations ease understanding and
decision making.
– Knowledge can be used for prediction (as in Businesses i.e.
Business Intelligence).
25-Aug-2017 5 of 99

6. OLTP v/s OLAP (1/4)
• Organizations have Evaluational DB & Operational DB.
– Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
• Software tools that are used in knowledge mining & acquiring
intelligence.
– Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)
• Software tools that provide support to transaction-oriented
applications on the Internet.
• Typically, OLTP systems are used for order entry, financial
transactions, customer relationship management (CRM) and
retail sales.
25-Aug-2017
OLTP: Run a
Business
OLAP : Improving
Business
6 of 99

7. OLTP v/s OLAP (2/4)
• Scenario 1:
– You want to build an online store/website. What do you want
it to do:
• Store actual products & their associated price.
• You want to be able to make transactions, possibly involving a
user buying a product (that's a relation).
• Store user data, passwords, previous transactions.....
• You want to be able to find data for a particular user, change it's
name... Basically perform INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE operations on
a user data. Same with products, etc.
25-Aug-2017
OLTP is a
Good fit
7 of 99

8. OLTP v/s OLAP (3/4)
• Scenario 2 :
– Now, You have your own online store/website. What exactly
do you want to know with your store/website.
• “Total money spend for all users”
• “What is the most sold product?”.
• “Why do users prefer Type-1 over Type-2 of the same product?”.
• “Why is sales of certain products low in a certain month?”.
• “Why do your store getting less users compared with a similar
store?”
• This falls into the analytics/business intelligence domain.
25-Aug-2017
OLAP is a
Good fit
8 of 99

9. 25-Aug-2017 9 of 99

10. Data Warehousing (1/15)
• Process of constructing and using (i.e. access heterogeneous
data sources) a data warehouse.
• Volume of data handled can be very high, particularly when
considering the requirements for historical data analysis.
• Example
– Amazon, Flipkart, Ebay, etc. use data warehousing for business
intelligence.
• Multi-tiered Data Warehousing Model
– Tiers
• [Data Warehouse Server] – [OLAP server] – [Front-end tools]
– Data flow between the three Tiers
• Pre-Data Warehouse -> Data Cleansing -> Data Repository ->
Front-end Analytics
25-Aug-2017 10 of 99

11. 25-Aug-2017
Three-tierDataWarehousingArchitecture
Top Tier
Middle Tier
Bottom Tier
11 of 99

12. Online Transaction Processing
• Core database
• For transactions and routine tasks
25-Aug-2017 12 of 99

13. Data about data, i.e. information
about data tables in OLTP System.
25-Aug-2017 13 of 99

14. Data Warehousing (5/15)
• Meta-Data Repository (1/3)
– Additional metadata are created & captured for timestamping
any of the following:
• Extracted data or Source of the extracted data
• Missing fields (Added by data cleaning or integration processes)
– Serves as a Directory
• Used to locate the contents of the data warehouse.
– Serves as a Guide to
• Mapping of data (When data are transformed from the
operational environment to the data warehouse environment).
• Algorithms used for summarization (between current detailed
data & lightly summarized data, and between lightly summarized
data & highly summarized data).
25-Aug-2017 14 of 99

15. Data Warehousing (6/15)
• Meta-Data Repository (2/3)
– A metadata repository should contain the following:
• A description of the structure of the data warehouse
– Includes schema, view, dimensions, hierarchies, and derived data
definitions, as well as data mart locations and contents.
• Operational metadata
– Includes data lineage (history of migrated data and the sequence of
transformations applied to it), currency of data (active, archived, or
purged), and monitoring information (warehouse usage statistics,
error reports, and audit trails).
• The algorithms used for summarization
– Includes measure and dimension definition algorithms, data on
granularity, partitions, subject areas, aggregation, summarization,
and predefined queries and reports.
25-Aug-2017 15 of 99

16. Data Warehousing (7/15)
• Meta-Data Repository (3/3)
– A metadata repository should contain the following:
• The mapping from the operational environment to the data
warehouse
– Includes source databases and their contents, gateway descriptions,
data partitions, data extraction, cleaning, transformation rules and
defaults, data refresh and purging rules, and security (user
authorization and access control).
• Data related to system performance
– Includes indices and profiles that improve data access and retrieval
performance, in addition to rules for the timing and scheduling of
refresh, update, and replication cycles.
• Business metadata
– Include business terms and definitions, data ownership
information, and charging policies.
25-Aug-2017 16 of 99

17. 25-Aug-2017
Extract from source (OLTP)
Clean detect errors in data & rectifies them
Transform convert data from legacy/host to warehouse format
Load sort, summarize, consolidate, compute views, check integrity, build
indices & partitions
Refresh propagate the updates from the data sources to the warehouse
17 of 99

18. • For effective querying, analysis and decision-making
• OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) Design
25-Aug-2017 18 of 99

19. • Access layer of data warehouse
• Subset of data ware house
• Oriented to specific business unit or department E.g. marketing
25-Aug-2017 19 of 99

20. To analyze multidimensional data
interactively from multiple perspectives
25-Aug-2017 20 of 99

21. • Computational process of discovering patterns in large data sets.
• To extract information and transform it into an understandable structure
for further use.
25-Aug-2017 21 of 99

22. Creation and study of the visual representation
of data E.g. scatter plot, bar chart.
25-Aug-2017 22 of 99

23. Retrieve and present a subset
of data for a particular purpose
25-Aug-2017 23 of 99

24. Data Information Knowledge
Dimensional
Modeling (OLTP to
OLAP Structure)
25-Aug-2017 24 of 99

25. Dimensional Modeling (1/8)
• Data warehouses & OLAP tools are based on a multi-
dimensional data model.
– Note: Operational DB is based on ER Model).
• Dimensional modeling (DM) is a set of techniques and
concepts used in data warehouse design.
• A Dimensional Model is a database structure that is
optimized for online queries and Data Warehousing tools.
– It is comprised of "fact" and "dimension" tables.
• It is especially useful for summarizing and rearranging the
data and presenting views of the data to support data
analysis.
25-Aug-2017 25 of 99

26. Dimensional Modeling (2/8)
• Fact
– A fact is a collection of related data items, consisting of
measures and context data.
– Each fact represents
• Business item or Business transaction or Event that can be used
in analyzing the business or business processes.
– In a data warehouse, facts are implemented in the core tables
in which all of the numeric data is stored.
25-Aug-2017 26 of 99

27. Dimensional Modeling (3/8)
• Dimensions
– Dimensions are the parameters over which OLAP is performed.
• Many analytical processes are used to quantify the impact of
dimensions on the facts.
– Example
• In a database for analyzing all sales of products, common
dimensions could be: Time, Location/Region, Customers,
Salesperson, Product
25-Aug-2017
Facts Dimensions
Business Measurements
(Quantified).
Textual and descriptive attributes by
which users describe objects.
E.g. Quantity, Amount, Cost, Taxes.
E.g. Product category, Date-time of a
transaction.
Things that can be summed or
aggregated. E.g. sales of a product.
Who, where, what, how, when.
27 of 99

28. Dimensional Modeling (4/8)
• Measure
– It is a numeric attribute of a fact, representing performance or
behavior of the business related to dimensions.
– The measures of multidimensional databases are mostly
confined to numerical data though measures can also be
applied to spatial, multimedia, or text data.
– A measure is located on facts.
– Example
• sales money, sales volume, quantity supplied, supply cost,
transaction amount.
25-Aug-2017 28 of 99

29. Dimensional Modeling (5/8)
• Data warehouse Schema
– A Data warehouse (Evaluational DBs) requires to maintain a
logical description using a Schema.
– Date warehouse Schema is defined using DMQL.
– Types of Schema
• Star Schema
• Snowflake Schema
• Fact constellation or Galaxy Schema
25-Aug-2017 29 of 99

30. Dimensional Modeling (6/8)
• Example: Star Schema of a data warehouse for sales
25-Aug-2017 30 of 99

31. Dimensional Modeling (7/8)
• Example: Snowflake Schema of a data warehouse for sales
– Redundancy is reduced by splitting the dimension tables.
25-Aug-2017 31 of 99

32. Dimensional Modeling (8/8)
• Example: Galaxy Schema of a data warehouse for sales and
shipping
– Consists of more number of Fact tables.
25-Aug-2017 32 of 99

33. Visualization of DM (1/3)
• Data cubes are popularly used to visualize a 3D model.
– A data cube allows data to be modeled and viewed in 3D. It is
defined by dimensions and facts.
• Usually a dimensional model consists of more than three
dimensions and is referred to as a hypercube.
– E.g. Cuboids and Lattice of Cuboids (4D data cube)
25-Aug-2017 33 of 99

34. 25-Aug-2017
3-D data cube representation
• The above table is
represented using 3D data
cube according to the three
dimensions (time, item, and
location)
• The measure displayed is
dollars sold (in thousands).
34 of 99

35. Visualization of DM (3/3)
• n-Dimensional data can be visualized with a series of (n-1)-
Dimensional “cubes.”
– i.e. 4D data cube can be visualized with a series of 3D cubes.
– Example: Sales data can be viewed with an additional fourth
dimension (such as supplier) using a series of 3D cubes.
25-Aug-2017 35 of 99

36. Concept Hierarchy (1/2)
• A concept hierarchy defines a sequence of mappings from a
set of low-level concepts to higher-level (more general)
concepts.
• Example:
– Consider a concept hierarchy for the dimension “location”.
• City values for location include Vancouver, Toronto, NewYork,
and Chicago.
• Each city, however, can be mapped to the province or state to
which it belongs. i.e. Vancouver can be mapped to British
Columbia, and Chicago to Illinois.
• The provinces and states can in turn be mapped to the country to
which they belong, such as Canada or the USA.
25-Aug-2017 36 of 99

37. Concept Hierarchy (2/2)
• Example: Concept hierarchy for the dimension “location”
25-Aug-2017 37 of 99

38. Basic OLAP Operations (1/9)
• In the multidimensional model, data are organized into
multiple dimensions, and each dimension contains multiple
levels of abstraction (different perspectives) to view data.
• OLAP provides a user-friendly environment for interactive
querying and data analysis through a number of OLAP data
cube operations to materialize the different levels of views.
including
– Roll‐up (drill‐up)
– Drill‐down (roll-down)
– Slice and dice
– Pivot (rotate)
– Drill ‐across
– Drill ‐through
25-Aug-2017 38 of 99

39. Basic OLAP Operations (2/9)
• Roll-Up operation
– The roll-up operation (also called drill-up or aggregation
operation) performs aggregation on a data cube by either
climbing up a concept hierarchy (to obtain a less detailed data)
for a dimension or dimension reduction.
• Drill-down Operations
– The drill-down operation (also called roll-down) is the reverse
of roll-up operation.
– It navigates from less detailed data to more detailed data (i.e.
climbing down a concept hierarchy for a dimension).
25-Aug-2017 39 of 99

40. Basic OLAP Operations (3/9)
• Slice Operation
– The slice operation performs a selection on one dimension of
the given cube, resulting in a sub-cube.
• Dice Operation
– The dice operation defines a sub-cube by performing a
selection on two or more dimensions.
• Pivot Operation
– Pivot (also called rotate) is a visualization operation that
rotates the data axes in view in order to provide an alternative
presentation of the data.
25-Aug-2017 40 of 99

41. Basic OLAP Operations (4/9)
• Drill-across Operation
– This operation executes queries involving (i.e., across) more
than one fact table.
• Drill-through Operation
– This operation uses relational SQL facilities to drill through the
bottom level of a data cube down to its back-end relational
tables.
• Other OLAP operations include
– Ranking the top N or bottom N items in lists
– Computing moving averages, growth rates, interests, internal
rates of return, depreciation, currency conversions, and
statistical functions.
25-Aug-2017 41 of 99

42. 25-Aug-2017
Roll-up Operation
• The example provides information about
the sales of home entertainment item
• USA = 440+1560 = 2000
• Canada = 395+605 = 1000
42 of 99

43. 25-Aug-2017
Drill-down Operation
• The example provides information about
the sales of security item per month for
Vancouver.
• Q1 = Jan+Feb+Mar = 150+100+150 =
400
43 of 99

44. 25-Aug-2017 44 of 99

45. 25-Aug-2017 45 of 99

46. 25-Aug-2017 46 of 99

47. Data Mart (1/5)
• A data mart is a repository of data that is designed to serve a
particular community of knowledge workers.
• It groups related data sets for specific sets of customers or
specific business area.
• Why Data Mart?
– Maintain temporary copy of data from few fact tables which
does not change frequently for analysis. It is discarded after
analysis.
– Decrease load on a Data warehouse by making a copy of fact
tables in separate server. Refreshed periodically.
– Simulation of new scenarios by changing data.
• Data in a Data warehouse cannot be changed without affecting
performance.
25-Aug-2017 47 of 99

48. Data Mart (2/5)
• Vs Data Warehouse
– Data Warehouses have an enterprise-wide depth.
– Data Mart is a subset of the data warehouse and is usually
smaller and focus on a particular subject or department. The
information in data marts pertains to a single departments.
– All data marts together create a data warehouse.
25-Aug-2017 48 of 99

49. Data Marts (3/5)
• Type-1: Dependent data mart
– Data from Data warehouse are
aggregated, restructured &
summarized with Enterprise context.
– Built to achieve improved
performance and availability, better
control & lower telecommunication
costs resulting from local access of
data relevant to a specific
department.
25-Aug-2017 49 of 99

50. Data Marts (4/5)
• Type-2: Independent data mart
– No centralized data warehouse.
– Number of sources are few.
– All aspects of the ETT process
(Extract, transform, transfer) should
be dealt.
– Preferred when a solution is required
within a shorter time.
25-Aug-2017 50 of 99

51. Data Marts (5/5)
• Type-3: Hybrid data mart
– Combine input from sources
other than only from a data
warehouse.
25-Aug-2017 51 of 99

52. Warehouse Modeling Approaches
• Modelling Approaches
– Global data warehouse architecture
– Independent data mart architecture
– Interconnected data mart architecture
25-Aug-2017 52 of 99

53. Global data warehouse architecture (1/2)
• Designed and constructed based on the needs of the whole
enterprise.
• Supports a large part of or the entire corporation that has
the necessity for a fully integrated data warehouse with a
greater degree of data accessibility & usage across
departments.
• Issue
– Setting up this kind of data warehouse is time and cost
involved when it is spanning multiple geographic locations.
25-Aug-2017 53 of 99

54. Global data warehouse architecture (2/2)
25-Aug-2017 54 of 99
TDM – Transaction Data Mart
POS – Point of Sale
EDW – Enterprise Data Warehouse

55. Independent Data Mart architecture
• Independent data mart architecture implies stand-alone
data marts that are controlled by a particular workgroup or
department to meet their needs.
• Major constraint
– Minimal integration and lack of a more global view of the data.
• i.e. The data in any particular data mart will be accessible only to
those in the workgroup or department of business that owns the
data mart.
• The workgroup or department would decide what source data to
load into the data mart, when to update it, who can access it and
where it resides.
25-Aug-2017 55 of 99

56. • It is basically a distributed implementation.
• Although separate data marts are implemented in a
particular workgroup or department, they can be integrated
or interconnected, to provide a more enterprise-wide or
corporate-wide view of the data.
• This architecture creates some complexities such as the
workgroup or department which would control and manage
the environment, manage the data which is common to
multiple data marts.
25-Aug-2017
Interconnected data mart architecture (1/2)
56 of 99

57. Interconnected data mart architecture (2/2)
25-Aug-2017 57 of 99

59. Message Queuing
• Message queuing (MQ) is the inter-process communication
and information exchange between two or more co-
operating processes.
• MQ is accomplished by directing messages to a memory- or
disk-based queue as an intermediate storage point.
• MQ applications are generally designed so that the
messages flow in a request/reply fashion.
– After the messaging system accepts the message from the
application, the application is free to continue work.
– It is the responsibility of the messaging system to deliver the
message to the target queue (or) to take the appropriate
action if the messaging system cannot deliver the message.
25-Aug-2017 59 of 99

60. Application Integration- Business Need
• Organizations use many applications and the services
provided by them, which were built over a period of time.
• These applications provide different functionality and are
implemented using different technologies/programming
languages while they run on different OSs and hardware.
• Discrete applications need to communicate to serve business
requirement.
• Integrating applications is a need for every organization.
• Applications can communicate using middleware.
25-Aug-2017 60 of 99

61. Middleware
• Lies in between two applications as a mediator.
• Middleware facilitates interoperability of applications.
• It simplifies communications of complex application running
on different environments.
• Middleware reduces time and resources on various factors
like designing, coding of applications.
• It serves as a link between applications running on discrete
environments.
25-Aug-2017 61 of 99

62. Message-Oriented Middleware (1/4)
• Middleware that enables communication between
applications using messages.
– Message: The data that the application wants to communicate
with other application.
• Advantages
– Asynchronous interaction of applications
– Loosely coupled
– Reliability
• The loss of message due to system or network failure is
prevented by store and forward mechanism.
– Availability
• The ripple effect of one system failure is avoided as the
applications are loosely coupled.
25-Aug-2017 62 of 99

63. Message-Oriented Middleware (2/4)
25-Aug-2017 63 of 99

64. Message-Oriented Middleware (3/4)
• Synchronous interaction
– Both the sender and receiver are to be active at the same
time.
– End-to-end communication
– Ex: Telephone
• Asynchronous interaction
– Sender and receiver are loosely coupled and are not to be
active at the same time.
– Store and forward communication concept is used.
– Ex: e-mail
25-Aug-2017 64 of 99

65. Message-Oriented Middleware (4/4)
• Coupling
– The pairing of two items/applications.
– Types of coupling
• Loosely coupled: The two different applications can interact
without adapting to the source or target systems.
• Tightly coupled: The two systems/applications are said to be
tightly coupled if they cannot interact with one another because
of the difference. i.e. Two different systems cannot interact.
25-Aug-2017 65 of 99

66. IBM Websphere MQ (1/3)
• Message-Oriented Middleware from IBM.
• Introduced in 1993 as MQ Series.
• Can make communication possible for applications running
on powerful machines like servers with applications running
on systems less powerful like mobile devices and tablets.
• Queues
– Used to store all messages that are waiting to be processed or
routed.
• MQ Objects
– Queue Manager, Channels, Messaging
• Messaging
– Programs communicate by sending data in messages.
25-Aug-2017 66 of 99

67. IBM Websphere MQ (2/3)
• Queue Managers
– Piece of software which is responsible for accepting and
delivering messages.
• Channels
– Provides a communication path between Queue Managers on
the same/different platforms.
• Applications put their messages on the queue -> Queues act
as a temporary storage space for messages till the receiving
application picks up the message.
25-Aug-2017 67 of 99

68. IBM Websphere MQ (3/3)
25-Aug-2017 68 of 99

70. Cluster Deployment
• Server Cluster
– Set of servers that is grouped together and managed together
to share work load.
– Provides high availability, scalability and manageability for
various applications and resources.
• The servers (nodes) in the cluster remain in constant
communication, if any one of the node in the cluster fails,
another node begins to provide service.
• Clustering enables Enterprise applications to scale beyond
the limits of one server.
– Applications hosted to be highly available as there are other
servers to run the application in case of failure at one server.
25-Aug-2017 70 of 99

71. Benefits of Server Clustering (1/2)
• Implementing clustering technologies ensure high
availability for mission critical applications and services and
the operations of a failed node are immediately resumed by
another node in the cluster.
• Cluster technologies also reduce single points of failure on
your network because they provide a higher level of
availability.
• Nodes in the cluster are also able to automatically resume
its previous operations if it is brought online again. This
basically means that no manual configuration is necessary to
initiate the failback process.
25-Aug-2017 71 of 99

72. Benefits of Server Clustering (2/2)
• Cluster Service enables access to resources and services
during planned downtime. There is no need to interrupt
client access.
• Clustering technologies reduce downtime associated with
scheduled maintenance because you can move the
operations of one node to another node before you perform
any upgrades.
25-Aug-2017 72 of 99

74. Web Tier Deployment (1/5)
• Multi tier architecture consists of
– Client tier
– Web tier
– Business logic tier
– Database tier
25-Aug-2017 74 of 99

75. Web Tier Deployment (2/5)
• Client tier
– Browsers and other applications that the user uses to connect
the enterprise application from a remote location through
network.
• Web Tier
– HTTP Server serves static HTTP content and routes incoming
HTTP requests to the application server.
• Business Logic Tier
– Application Server hosts the enterprise application, which
consists of dynamic web pages and application business logic.
• Database Tier
– Database Server Hosts the database to store business data for
the application.
25-Aug-2017 75 of 99

76. Web Tier Deployment (3/5)
25-Aug-2017 76 of 99

77. Web Tier Deployment (4/5)
• Network Aspects
– HTTP Server which the user is connecting should be in
Demilitarized zone.
– Application server and Database servers are placed in more
secure internal network.
– All the requests are routed through the HTTP server.
• Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)
– In order to provide security to web server, the web server is
kept between two firewalls. The area between these two
firewalls is called DMZ.
• First firewall between Internet and Web server stops the
unwanted traffic
• The firewall between Web server and Intranet keeps the intranet
secure from unauthorized access.
25-Aug-2017 77 of 99

78. Web Tier Deployment (5/5)
25-Aug-2017 78 of 99

79. Application Servers
• Application server provides the environment for an
enterprise application to run.
• Application servers host the business logic for the client
applications using various protocols including HTTP.
• Web server provides static pages whereas the application
server enhances the capability of webserver by providing
dynamic, customized pages by executing the business logic.
25-Aug-2017 79 of 99

81. Introduction (1/2)
• “Lotus Notes” was developed in 1989 by Lotus Development
Corporation.
• IBM bought the Lotus Corporation in 1995 and it became
known as the “Lotus Development division” of IBM and later
in 2015 called “IBM Collaboration Solutions”.
• IBM Notes (earlier Lotus Notes) & IBM Domino (earlier Lotus
Domino) are the client and server of a collaborative client-
server software platform sold by IBM.
25-Aug-2017 81 of 99

82. Introduction (2/2)
• Components of the IBM Notes & Domino product
– IBM Notes client application (Based on Eclipse since version 8)
– IBM Notes client
• A rich client
• A web client (E.g. IBM iNotes)
• A mobile email client (E.g. IBM Notes Traveler)
– IBM Domino server (E.g. IBM XWorks server)
• A cross platform application server which supports data
replication to other servers and clients for offline access
– IBM Domino Administration Client
– IBM Domino Designer (Eclipse-based IDE)
• Creating client-server applications that run within Notes
framework.
25-Aug-2017 82 of 99

83. Lotus Architecture
• IBM Lotus Domino Server and Lotus Notes client works
together to integrate client and server environment.
25-Aug-2017 83 of 99

84. Lotus Notes
• IBM Notes can be used as an email client without an IBM Domino
server, for example, as an IMAP client
• Lotus Notes clients can access Lotus Domino data both on Servers
& in the local machine providing portable access to the data.
– IBM Notes can also be used with other IBM Domino applications and
databases.
• IBM Notes and Domino
– Provides Standard Application include: e-mail, calendars, to-do list,
contact management, discussion forum, file sharing, and instant
messaging.
– In addition to these standard applications, an organization may use
• IBM Domino Designer (development environment) &
• Other tools (develop additional integrated applications such as
request approval/workflow and document management).
25-Aug-2017 84 of 99

85. Lotus Notes Database (1/3)
• Lotus notes database file extension is *.nsf
– i.e. Notes Storage Facility (*.ncf).
• Each database file has its own security called Access Control
List.
• Access Control List
– Lotus Domino and Notes uses access control list to determine
the level of access of users and servers to database.
• Levels assigned to users determine the tasks that users can
perform on a database.
• The 7 access levels in Lotus Domino and Notes are
– No access, Depositor, Reader, Author, Editor, Designer, Manager
25-Aug-2017 85 of 99

86. Lotus Notes Database (2/3)
Access level Allows users to Assign to
Manager
• Modify the database ACL.
• Encrypt the database.
• Delete the database.
• Perform all tasks allowed by lower access
levels.
Two people who are
responsible for the database.
Then if one person is absent,
the other can manage the
database.
Designer
• Modify all database design elements.
• Perform all tasks allowed by lower access
levels.
A database designer and/or the
person responsible for future
design updates.
Editor
• Create documents.
• Edit all documents, including those created
by others.
• Read all documents
Any user allowed to create and
edit documents in a database.
25-Aug-2017 86 of 99

87. Lotus Notes Database (3/3)
Access level Allows users to Assign to
Author
• Create documents
• Edit the documents where
there is an Authors field in the
document and the user is
specified in the Authors field.
Users who need to contribute documents to
a database.
Reader • Read documents
Users who only need to read documents in a
database but not create or edit documents.
Depositor
• Create documents, but
otherwise has no access
Users who only need to contribute
documents but who do not need to read or
edit their own or other users' documents.
No Access • Has no access.
Terminated users, users who do not need
access to the database, or users who have
access on a special basis.
25-Aug-2017 87 of 99

88. Lotus Domino (1/7)
• Lotus Domino Server is a computer that stores the Lotus
notes applications and runs services that manipulate Lotus
Notes data.
• During the installation of the Domino Server, there are three
server set-ups.
– Domino Utility Server
– Domino Messaging Server
– Domino Enterprise Server
– Custom Domino Server
25-Aug-2017 88 of 99

89. Lotus Domino (2/7)
25-Aug-2017 89 of 99

90. Lotus Domino (3/7)
• Domino Utility Server
– Provides Application services only.
– It supports Domino clusters.
– This server does not include Messaging services.
• Domino Messaging Server
– Provides Messaging services.
– Does not support Application services or Domino clusters.
• Domino Enterprise Server
– Provides both Messaging services and Application services.
• Customize Domino Server
– Provides customized services.
– We can select the services according to our requirement.
25-Aug-2017 90 of 99

91. Lotus Domino (4/7)
• Lotus Domino Server Files
– Names.nsf
• Contains detailed information about users, groups, servers for managing
the domino servers.
– Admin4.nsf
• This file tracks and stores information about administration tasks.
– Certlog.nsf
• Maintains certified lotus domino IDs.
– Events4.nsf
• Stores information about monitoring tools & list of server messages.
– Log.nsf
• Stores information about performance, statistics of domino server.
– Mail.box
• Stores mail from a user that is in route to the other users.
25-Aug-2017 91 of 99

92. Lotus Domino (5/7)
• Server Document
– Registration with Domino Server implies the following
• Create a server ID for the new server & certify it with certifier ID.
• Create a Server document for the new server in the Domino
Directory.
• Encrypt and attach the server ID to the Server document and also
save on a disk/file on the server.
• Add the server name to the “LocalDomainServers” group in the
Domino Directory.
• Create an entry for the new server in the Certification Log
(CERTLOG.NSF).
– Review: What is a Server Document?
25-Aug-2017 92 of 99

93. Lotus Domino (6/7)
• Internet Services
– During the installation of Domino server the following Internet
Services can be opted
• Web browsers (HTTP services)
• Internet mail clients (SMTP, POP3 and IMAP services)
• Directory services (LDAP services)
25-Aug-2017 93 of 99

94. Lotus Domino (7/7)
• Lotus Domino Organization
– A Lotus Domino organization defines the naming hierarchy for
a Lotus Domino environment.
– Organization name can be the same as the domain name.
• Organization Units
– An Organization unit defines as organizations hierarchy as it
relates to the people.
– It represents the geographical locations or the department
name.
• Organization Certifiers
– Organization certifiers is a special file created during the first
lotus domino server setup in the organization.
– Organization certifieris used to certify the resources in the
entire infrastructure.
25-Aug-2017 94 of 99

95. Lotus Notes Client (1/4)
• Types
– Standard Client
• Standard client runs on top of the eclipse framework.
• The user interface is re-designed in mail, calendar and contacts of
instant messaging.
– Basic Client
• Basic client resembles like the older version of lotus notes
interface and the functionality.
25-Aug-2017 95 of 99

96. Lotus Notes Client (2/4)
• Client Installation
– Lotus Notes
• This application is used for working with lotus notes applications
like email, calendar etc.
• We can use this application for other mail server’s client using
POP3, IMAP and SMTP.
– Lotus Designer
• This application is used for adding or changing functionality to
the new or existing lotus notes application.
– Domino Administrator
• This application is used for administering the domino server
systems.
25-Aug-2017 96 of 99

97. Lotus Notes Client (3/4)
• Client Installation (contd.)
– Productivity Tools
• Productivity tools are used to complete day to day activities
more efficiently using applications like documents, spread sheets
and presentation files.
– Notes ID
• ID file is an identification file created during the server creation
(called Server ID), and user creation (called User ID).
• An ID file has the information about their name, security
certificates, password and the private and the public key.
25-Aug-2017 97 of 99

98. Lotus Notes Client (4/4)
• Types of Certificates
– Notes Certificates
• Stored in ID file that associate with the public key.
• Certificates are used to authorize the users and the servers to
access the Domino server.
– Internet (X.509) Certificates
• Used to access a server using SSL authentication.
• Internet certificates are also stored in the Lotus notes ID file.
25-Aug-2017 98 of 99