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The Sex Buyer
How a Sex
Buyer is
created and
how that
affects women
Pornography:
An addictive,
criminal and
very lucrative
business
Prostitution:
men’s "right" to
sexually access
women and
the license to
be a sex
offender
Change:
Towards
equality
between
women
and men
Part 1 Part 4
Part 3
Part 2
How a Sex Buyer is created
And how that affects women
Part 1
At home, school and in society,
stereotypical roles are promoted
that define women and men in
various areas of their lives.
Physical Sphere
Social Sphere
Emotional Sphere
Sexual Sphere
Engage in domestic and
"safe" activities
Be or demonstrate
dependence
Serve and care, they are not
that important
Do more, receive less credit
for what they do
Accept emotions,
be pleasing, apologizing
Take care of herself
and everyone around her
Be pretty and willing
Upbringing
Both girls and boys are bombarded by the same
images and expectations about women
Engage in bold and
adventurous activities
Be strong, determined
Be independent
Do less and receive more credit
for any achievement
Accept no emotions, no
mistakes, no blame
Take care of himself as the
most important and no one else
Have several girlfriends
The girl should: The boy should:
Learn to be "feminine", attractive
and "sexy"
Permissive seeking external
acceptance
Accept alcohol to relax
or hold back
Accept her vulnerability
and shut up
Saying "NO" is not an option
Her pleasure does
not matter
Must be compliant no matter how
painful, hurtful or humiliating
Youth
They reach adolescence and explore their
sexuality differently
The young woman should: The young man should:
Learn to be "masculine",
aggressive, predatory, dominant
and manipulative
Consume alcohol and drugs to
"relax" and "unleash" themselves
Educate himself with
pornography
Feel that the only pleasure is to
ejaculate
Have unlimited access to
available and compliant women
To invest in "beauty" even if it is
detrimental to their physical and mental
health
Fewer opportunities , for educational,
employment and income advancement
Little access to technology, science
and finances
Lower self-esteem and more family
responsibilities
Are expected to endure more sexual
and verbal abuse, physical violence and
economic exploitation
To use contraceptives, early
childbearing or marriage
Adulthood
Women turn out to have fewer
opportunities, and pleasure in their lives
To invest in their desires and pleasures
More options for education, employment
and remuneration
More access to means or jobs that
guarantee autonomy
Less family and partner responsibility
than women
The right to commit violence against
women (rape, sexual harassment, enjoy
pornography and prostitution)
Experiment with multiple partners
Little o no responsibility for contraception
and raising children
Men are
expected to:
Women are
expected to:
The result of sexist
stereotypes is the
subordination of
women to men
Physical Sphere
Social Sphere
Emotional Sphere
Sexual Sphere
More power, slight
dissatisfaction
Less power,
more inequality,
more dissatisfaction
Pornography:
an addictive, criminal and
very lucrative business
Part 2
What is the porn industry like?
It sends a message
that what women feel,
want or desire is
irrelevant
The physically and emotionally traumatic
consequences of filmed prostitution on women,
are made invisible by pornography
SEX
Men are the
subjects who’s
sexual desires
must be
satisfied
Women are the
objects used
men’s satisfaction
Includes
violent sex or
humiliation
Pornography follows a scheme:
It is the material through
which men learn how to
sexually dominate
women
How is the porn
industry evolving?
● It relies on technology for its
dissemination, easy payment and
maintaining consumer privacy
● Its business model is based on
increasing views to increase traffic
for content, thus increasing
advertising revenues and profits
● Developing marketing techniques
and funding lobby to naturalize what
they sell as "free expression", "adult
entertainment", "webcam modeling",
"therapeutic practices", "women's
liberation"
● It produces an online consumer who
then moves on to live prostitution
Which are the most popular acts
among among porn consumers?
Sodomy
Porn eroticizes women’s subordination.
Women are not in circumstances to consent,
nor desire
(asleep, drugged, drunk, unconscious or in a
state of shock, need money or are deceived )
Individual
and gang
rape
Swallowing
urine Anal sex,
Double
penetration
Beatings &
Slapping and
Choking
Group
ejaculation
on women’s
faces
It teaches men to experience sexual
pleasure and arousal from violence and
justify it as "women enjoy it"
Porn teaches men to ignore women’s
physical and psychological pain. They
must smile even if hurt.
Men seek for more aggressive and
extreme content. The sex men want,
not what women choose.
What
you find
in porn
content
88%
49%
of the most popular
videos contain
physical violence
of these scenes are
verbally abusing
scenes and men
abusing women
87%
of the scenes
contain verbal
violence
● This type of content alters the brain chemistry generating
addiction
● Humans are susceptible to forming addictions to substances or
behaviors that stimulate the brain's dopamine center, which
causes intense feelings of pleasure
● Like drugs, alcohol, video games, and sugar, pornography
triggers a dopamine release in the brain
95%
of women's responses
to violence are shown
as neutral or even
pleasurable
Some facts about
pornography platforms
2019 +42
Billion
visits to the PornHub site,
or 6 visits to the site for
every person on earth
2020
porn sites received
more traffic than some
popular social
networks combined
6.8 million new videos were posted
on PornHub in 2019,
equivalent to half of Netflix's library
Porn industry revenues are
estimated at $97 billion,
globally.
In comparison, Netflix
receives $11.7 billion approx
runs a global online porn
monopoly, with over 100
porn sites, collecting
more data than Netflix
and Hulu
Criminal techniques used by
the porn industry
Manipulating content, tagging
and duplicating it to make it
appear user-made
These are some criminal techniques
used for the creation, distribution and
replication of pornographic content:
Recruiting, commissioning, paying
and soliciting content through human
trafficking and slavery
Allowing content to be downloaded
anonymously, making it impossible
to permanently remove victims'
videos from the web
Producing non-consensual sexual
content and sexual exploitation of
children and youth
Creating playlists for viewers
interested in child pornography
and other illegal content
Instructing international networks
of traffickers to upload videos, and
evade criminal responsibility
Prostitution:
Men’s "right" to sexually
access women and the
license to be a sex offender
Part 3
Motivations sex buyers
have when demanding prostitution
Myths about prostitution are
connected to myths about rape
Avoiding
rejection Loneliness
Contempt for
women
Emotional
crisis
Enjoying risky
activities
Women in prostitution can´t
be raped, prostitution prevents
rape
Most prostitutes earn a lot of
money and enjoy their work
Many women secretly desire
to be raped, their [no] was
ambiguous
1. Accepting
myths about
prostitution
makes it more
likely
2.To accept
myths about
rape
3.Which is
associated to
sexual assault
First purchase of sex between the
ages of 19 to 23
Prone to report ten or more sexual
partners in the last five years
The vast majority are heterosexual
and married or living with a partner
Have paid for an average of 55-85
women in their lifetime
Selects women based on his racist
stereotypes, youth, low prices, being
foreign or "exotic" and unable to
speak local language
Commits crimes most
frequently: violence against
women, rape, assault and
battery, homicide, robbery,
burglary, theft, property crime,
drug sales and possession,
weapon offenses, crimes
against authority, disorderly
conduct and driving offenses
Factors that interact and predict likelihood of rape or other sexual violence
Characteristics of the sex buyer
Promiscuity and
impersonal sex
Hostile
masculine self
identification
A history of
sexual violence
Narcissism
Delinquency in
adolescence
Frequent use of
pornography
53%
Indoors
48%
Outdoors
Brothel
Hotel or guesthouse
Bar
Massage parlor
Escort agency
Private party
Karaoke
Strip club
Sauna
Drug/crack house
On the street:
In a park:
In a car or vehicle:
71%
55%
49%
48%
42%
39%
38%
36%
25%
12%
82%
59%
43%
Places where men buy sex in Germany
and in United States, UK, Scotland, Cambodia and India
● If there is an opportunity,
if prostitution is accessible
and legal, men tend to pay for
sexual use of women, than
when it isn’t legal
● They consider payment
relieves them from any
obligation to treat the person
as a human being
● The pay to break rules
such as the use of condoms
or engaging in extreme
violence
● If their expectations are not
met, they blame the women
for producing their violent
reactions
● Are sexually aroused by more
violent behaviors: ejaculating
in the face, gang raping of a
woman, sexual abuse of
pregnant women
● They are aroused by women’s
pain, fear and humiliation
● They are unempathetic and
indifferent to the suffering,
illness, aging of women
● They avoid thinking about the
consequences of their actions,
deny or minimize them
● Little likelihood that they will
report human trafficking if
they recognize it
Common behaviors
and concepts
among sex buyers
● They acknowledge and recognize economic
coercion of prostituted women
● They acknowledge symptoms it produces:
○ dissociation
○ low self-esteem
○ self-harm
○ suicide attempts
○ depression
○ disorder anxiety and panic attacks
○ post-traumatic stress
○ as well as drug and alcohol use to endure
● Most have observed a trafficked or pimped woman
controlled by her "manager"
● They know of violent acts by pimps towards them
that amount to torture:
○ verbal abuse
○ pushed, beaten, slapped, cut
○ choked, dragged, thrown against the wall
○ fingernails pulled out, teeth knocked out
○ starved
○ threats against their relatives
Also, sex buyers know
of organized crime's
control over women
What
would
deter men
from
buying sex
according to
them?
Adding their names to a sex
offender registry along with rapists
and pedophiles
Photo or name in local
newspaper, billboard or internet
Spending any amount of time in
jail, even as brief as a few hours
A letter sent to their family
stating arrest for soliciting a
woman in prostitution
Increased penalty
Higher fines
Educational program
for sex buyers
Change:
Equality between
women and men
Part 4
The sex buyers…
A change is needed in
upbringing patterns for
boys and girls
● They must be raised far from sexist stereotypes,
neither blue nor pink
● Equal education, recreation and sports
experiences and opportunities
● Equal creative possibilities and physical and
emotional support
● Equal responsibilities and rights at home,
before family and friends
● Differential treatment based on biological sex
differences
● Boys and young men should consider it offensive
to consume, buy, exploit, abuse or use a girl or
woman online or physically
● Paying for sex is not what real men do
A decisive change is needed among
men so that they STOP demand of
porn and prostitution
● Relationships between equals imply that
both people involved, have sexual desire
● Respect is the basis of a relationships
between equals
● If only one desires, there should be no
relationship
● Sexual intercourse is not the only way to
have pleasure
● Greater sexual satisfaction is found through
self-exploration and empathy for others
1. Any act that causes physical, mental or sexual
harm or suffering
2. Threats, coercion, harassment, use of force
3. Any practice that justifies the subordination of
women (such as paying for sexual access to
women)
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IS
Policies that discourage and disrupt men's
confidentiality and privilege to pay for sex
Hold men accountable for violence against
women and girls
Survivors of trafficking, prostitution and
pornography can raise awareness of these
serious harms
To end the business and this form of violence,
legislate against the demand
We need a change
in society
No supply
No demand
- Discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation,
especially women and children, that leads to trafficking (Palermo
Protocol Art. 9.5)
- Prostitution exists because of stereotypes of dominance and the
need to impose male control or power (Parr 30 RG 38 of CEDAW)
- All actors involved in trafficking, including those on the demand
side, must be investigated, prosecuted and convicted (CEDAW Parr
63rd RG 38)
- Detect online recruitment and uncover and identify cases of
trafficking through digital media and messaging platforms,
including on the demand side (Parr 71 and 73 CEDAW RG 38)
- Pornography and other forms of commercial exploitation of
women as sexual objects contribute to violence against women
(Parr 11-12, CEDAW RG 19)
Eradicate the demand for prostitution,
is an obligation under international law
SOURCES
Pornography
● Serena Fleites and Jane Does 1-33, Complaint against Mindgeek for 13 crimes, https://brownrudnick.com, 2021
● Mónica Alario Gavilán, La Manada en el Porno, 2018.
● Pornography and Public Health, National Center on Sexual Exploitation, 2018
● De Sousa, A., & Lodha, P. Neurobiology of Pornography Addiction - A clinical review Telangana Journal of Psychiatry, 3(2), 2017.
● Malamuth, N.M. & Hald, G.M. The Confluence Mediational Model of Sexual Aggression. In T. Ward & A. Beech (Eds.) Theories of sexual aggression. New
York: Wiley, 2017.
● Peter Szil, Men, pornography and prostitution, 2015.
● Gail Dines, Pornland: How Porn has Hijacked our Sexuality, 2010
● Malamuth, N. M., & Pitpitan, E. V. The effects of pornography are moderated by men's sexual aggression risk. Pornography: Driving the demand in
international sex trafficking, 2007.
Prostitution
● Melissa Farley, Inge Kleine, Kerstin Neuhaus, et al. Men who pay for sex in Germany and what they teach us about the failure of the legal prostitution: a 6-
country report on the sex trade from the perspective of the socially invisible puteros or sex buyers, 2022.
● From Impunity to Accountability. Deterring Sex Buyers in the New York State and Beyond, Coalition Against Trafficking in Women, 2022.
● OSCE, Discouraging The Demand that fosters trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation, 2021
● De Meyer, Sara "Boys Should Have the Courage to Ask a Girl Out": Gender Norms in Early Adolescent Romantic Relationships, 2017
● Farley, Melissa & Golding, Jacqueline & Schucman, Emily & Malamuth, Neil & Jarrett, Laura, Comparing Sex Buyers With Men Who Do Not Buy Sex: New
Data on Prostitution and Trafficking. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2015.
SHARE AND BE PART OF THE CHANGE

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1. The Sex Buyer (Eng).pptx

  • 2. How a Sex Buyer is created and how that affects women Pornography: An addictive, criminal and very lucrative business Prostitution: men’s "right" to sexually access women and the license to be a sex offender Change: Towards equality between women and men Part 1 Part 4 Part 3 Part 2
  • 3. How a Sex Buyer is created And how that affects women Part 1
  • 4. At home, school and in society, stereotypical roles are promoted that define women and men in various areas of their lives. Physical Sphere Social Sphere Emotional Sphere Sexual Sphere
  • 5. Engage in domestic and "safe" activities Be or demonstrate dependence Serve and care, they are not that important Do more, receive less credit for what they do Accept emotions, be pleasing, apologizing Take care of herself and everyone around her Be pretty and willing Upbringing Both girls and boys are bombarded by the same images and expectations about women Engage in bold and adventurous activities Be strong, determined Be independent Do less and receive more credit for any achievement Accept no emotions, no mistakes, no blame Take care of himself as the most important and no one else Have several girlfriends The girl should: The boy should:
  • 6. Learn to be "feminine", attractive and "sexy" Permissive seeking external acceptance Accept alcohol to relax or hold back Accept her vulnerability and shut up Saying "NO" is not an option Her pleasure does not matter Must be compliant no matter how painful, hurtful or humiliating Youth They reach adolescence and explore their sexuality differently The young woman should: The young man should: Learn to be "masculine", aggressive, predatory, dominant and manipulative Consume alcohol and drugs to "relax" and "unleash" themselves Educate himself with pornography Feel that the only pleasure is to ejaculate Have unlimited access to available and compliant women
  • 7. To invest in "beauty" even if it is detrimental to their physical and mental health Fewer opportunities , for educational, employment and income advancement Little access to technology, science and finances Lower self-esteem and more family responsibilities Are expected to endure more sexual and verbal abuse, physical violence and economic exploitation To use contraceptives, early childbearing or marriage Adulthood Women turn out to have fewer opportunities, and pleasure in their lives To invest in their desires and pleasures More options for education, employment and remuneration More access to means or jobs that guarantee autonomy Less family and partner responsibility than women The right to commit violence against women (rape, sexual harassment, enjoy pornography and prostitution) Experiment with multiple partners Little o no responsibility for contraception and raising children Men are expected to: Women are expected to:
  • 8. The result of sexist stereotypes is the subordination of women to men Physical Sphere Social Sphere Emotional Sphere Sexual Sphere More power, slight dissatisfaction Less power, more inequality, more dissatisfaction
  • 9. Pornography: an addictive, criminal and very lucrative business Part 2
  • 10. What is the porn industry like? It sends a message that what women feel, want or desire is irrelevant The physically and emotionally traumatic consequences of filmed prostitution on women, are made invisible by pornography SEX Men are the subjects who’s sexual desires must be satisfied Women are the objects used men’s satisfaction Includes violent sex or humiliation Pornography follows a scheme: It is the material through which men learn how to sexually dominate women
  • 11. How is the porn industry evolving? ● It relies on technology for its dissemination, easy payment and maintaining consumer privacy ● Its business model is based on increasing views to increase traffic for content, thus increasing advertising revenues and profits ● Developing marketing techniques and funding lobby to naturalize what they sell as "free expression", "adult entertainment", "webcam modeling", "therapeutic practices", "women's liberation" ● It produces an online consumer who then moves on to live prostitution
  • 12. Which are the most popular acts among among porn consumers? Sodomy Porn eroticizes women’s subordination. Women are not in circumstances to consent, nor desire (asleep, drugged, drunk, unconscious or in a state of shock, need money or are deceived ) Individual and gang rape Swallowing urine Anal sex, Double penetration Beatings & Slapping and Choking Group ejaculation on women’s faces It teaches men to experience sexual pleasure and arousal from violence and justify it as "women enjoy it" Porn teaches men to ignore women’s physical and psychological pain. They must smile even if hurt. Men seek for more aggressive and extreme content. The sex men want, not what women choose.
  • 13. What you find in porn content 88% 49% of the most popular videos contain physical violence of these scenes are verbally abusing scenes and men abusing women 87% of the scenes contain verbal violence ● This type of content alters the brain chemistry generating addiction ● Humans are susceptible to forming addictions to substances or behaviors that stimulate the brain's dopamine center, which causes intense feelings of pleasure ● Like drugs, alcohol, video games, and sugar, pornography triggers a dopamine release in the brain 95% of women's responses to violence are shown as neutral or even pleasurable
  • 14. Some facts about pornography platforms 2019 +42 Billion visits to the PornHub site, or 6 visits to the site for every person on earth 2020 porn sites received more traffic than some popular social networks combined 6.8 million new videos were posted on PornHub in 2019, equivalent to half of Netflix's library Porn industry revenues are estimated at $97 billion, globally. In comparison, Netflix receives $11.7 billion approx runs a global online porn monopoly, with over 100 porn sites, collecting more data than Netflix and Hulu
  • 15. Criminal techniques used by the porn industry Manipulating content, tagging and duplicating it to make it appear user-made These are some criminal techniques used for the creation, distribution and replication of pornographic content: Recruiting, commissioning, paying and soliciting content through human trafficking and slavery Allowing content to be downloaded anonymously, making it impossible to permanently remove victims' videos from the web Producing non-consensual sexual content and sexual exploitation of children and youth Creating playlists for viewers interested in child pornography and other illegal content Instructing international networks of traffickers to upload videos, and evade criminal responsibility
  • 16. Prostitution: Men’s "right" to sexually access women and the license to be a sex offender Part 3
  • 17. Motivations sex buyers have when demanding prostitution Myths about prostitution are connected to myths about rape Avoiding rejection Loneliness Contempt for women Emotional crisis Enjoying risky activities Women in prostitution can´t be raped, prostitution prevents rape Most prostitutes earn a lot of money and enjoy their work Many women secretly desire to be raped, their [no] was ambiguous 1. Accepting myths about prostitution makes it more likely 2.To accept myths about rape 3.Which is associated to sexual assault
  • 18. First purchase of sex between the ages of 19 to 23 Prone to report ten or more sexual partners in the last five years The vast majority are heterosexual and married or living with a partner Have paid for an average of 55-85 women in their lifetime Selects women based on his racist stereotypes, youth, low prices, being foreign or "exotic" and unable to speak local language Commits crimes most frequently: violence against women, rape, assault and battery, homicide, robbery, burglary, theft, property crime, drug sales and possession, weapon offenses, crimes against authority, disorderly conduct and driving offenses Factors that interact and predict likelihood of rape or other sexual violence Characteristics of the sex buyer Promiscuity and impersonal sex Hostile masculine self identification A history of sexual violence Narcissism Delinquency in adolescence Frequent use of pornography
  • 19. 53% Indoors 48% Outdoors Brothel Hotel or guesthouse Bar Massage parlor Escort agency Private party Karaoke Strip club Sauna Drug/crack house On the street: In a park: In a car or vehicle: 71% 55% 49% 48% 42% 39% 38% 36% 25% 12% 82% 59% 43% Places where men buy sex in Germany and in United States, UK, Scotland, Cambodia and India
  • 20. ● If there is an opportunity, if prostitution is accessible and legal, men tend to pay for sexual use of women, than when it isn’t legal ● They consider payment relieves them from any obligation to treat the person as a human being ● The pay to break rules such as the use of condoms or engaging in extreme violence ● If their expectations are not met, they blame the women for producing their violent reactions ● Are sexually aroused by more violent behaviors: ejaculating in the face, gang raping of a woman, sexual abuse of pregnant women ● They are aroused by women’s pain, fear and humiliation ● They are unempathetic and indifferent to the suffering, illness, aging of women ● They avoid thinking about the consequences of their actions, deny or minimize them ● Little likelihood that they will report human trafficking if they recognize it Common behaviors and concepts among sex buyers
  • 21. ● They acknowledge and recognize economic coercion of prostituted women ● They acknowledge symptoms it produces: ○ dissociation ○ low self-esteem ○ self-harm ○ suicide attempts ○ depression ○ disorder anxiety and panic attacks ○ post-traumatic stress ○ as well as drug and alcohol use to endure ● Most have observed a trafficked or pimped woman controlled by her "manager" ● They know of violent acts by pimps towards them that amount to torture: ○ verbal abuse ○ pushed, beaten, slapped, cut ○ choked, dragged, thrown against the wall ○ fingernails pulled out, teeth knocked out ○ starved ○ threats against their relatives Also, sex buyers know of organized crime's control over women
  • 22. What would deter men from buying sex according to them? Adding their names to a sex offender registry along with rapists and pedophiles Photo or name in local newspaper, billboard or internet Spending any amount of time in jail, even as brief as a few hours A letter sent to their family stating arrest for soliciting a woman in prostitution Increased penalty Higher fines Educational program for sex buyers
  • 23. Change: Equality between women and men Part 4 The sex buyers…
  • 24. A change is needed in upbringing patterns for boys and girls ● They must be raised far from sexist stereotypes, neither blue nor pink ● Equal education, recreation and sports experiences and opportunities ● Equal creative possibilities and physical and emotional support ● Equal responsibilities and rights at home, before family and friends ● Differential treatment based on biological sex differences ● Boys and young men should consider it offensive to consume, buy, exploit, abuse or use a girl or woman online or physically ● Paying for sex is not what real men do
  • 25. A decisive change is needed among men so that they STOP demand of porn and prostitution ● Relationships between equals imply that both people involved, have sexual desire ● Respect is the basis of a relationships between equals ● If only one desires, there should be no relationship ● Sexual intercourse is not the only way to have pleasure ● Greater sexual satisfaction is found through self-exploration and empathy for others 1. Any act that causes physical, mental or sexual harm or suffering 2. Threats, coercion, harassment, use of force 3. Any practice that justifies the subordination of women (such as paying for sexual access to women) VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IS
  • 26. Policies that discourage and disrupt men's confidentiality and privilege to pay for sex Hold men accountable for violence against women and girls Survivors of trafficking, prostitution and pornography can raise awareness of these serious harms To end the business and this form of violence, legislate against the demand We need a change in society No supply No demand
  • 27. - Discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation, especially women and children, that leads to trafficking (Palermo Protocol Art. 9.5) - Prostitution exists because of stereotypes of dominance and the need to impose male control or power (Parr 30 RG 38 of CEDAW) - All actors involved in trafficking, including those on the demand side, must be investigated, prosecuted and convicted (CEDAW Parr 63rd RG 38) - Detect online recruitment and uncover and identify cases of trafficking through digital media and messaging platforms, including on the demand side (Parr 71 and 73 CEDAW RG 38) - Pornography and other forms of commercial exploitation of women as sexual objects contribute to violence against women (Parr 11-12, CEDAW RG 19) Eradicate the demand for prostitution, is an obligation under international law
  • 28. SOURCES Pornography ● Serena Fleites and Jane Does 1-33, Complaint against Mindgeek for 13 crimes, https://brownrudnick.com, 2021 ● Mónica Alario Gavilán, La Manada en el Porno, 2018. ● Pornography and Public Health, National Center on Sexual Exploitation, 2018 ● De Sousa, A., & Lodha, P. Neurobiology of Pornography Addiction - A clinical review Telangana Journal of Psychiatry, 3(2), 2017. ● Malamuth, N.M. & Hald, G.M. The Confluence Mediational Model of Sexual Aggression. In T. Ward & A. Beech (Eds.) Theories of sexual aggression. New York: Wiley, 2017. ● Peter Szil, Men, pornography and prostitution, 2015. ● Gail Dines, Pornland: How Porn has Hijacked our Sexuality, 2010 ● Malamuth, N. M., & Pitpitan, E. V. The effects of pornography are moderated by men's sexual aggression risk. Pornography: Driving the demand in international sex trafficking, 2007. Prostitution ● Melissa Farley, Inge Kleine, Kerstin Neuhaus, et al. Men who pay for sex in Germany and what they teach us about the failure of the legal prostitution: a 6- country report on the sex trade from the perspective of the socially invisible puteros or sex buyers, 2022. ● From Impunity to Accountability. Deterring Sex Buyers in the New York State and Beyond, Coalition Against Trafficking in Women, 2022. ● OSCE, Discouraging The Demand that fosters trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation, 2021 ● De Meyer, Sara "Boys Should Have the Courage to Ask a Girl Out": Gender Norms in Early Adolescent Romantic Relationships, 2017 ● Farley, Melissa & Golding, Jacqueline & Schucman, Emily & Malamuth, Neil & Jarrett, Laura, Comparing Sex Buyers With Men Who Do Not Buy Sex: New Data on Prostitution and Trafficking. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2015.
  • 29. SHARE AND BE PART OF THE CHANGE