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Reptiles of pakistan
- 1. Reptiles of Pakistan Class Reptilia
- 2. General characters • Reptiles are cold blooded Vertebrates. • Reptiles are terrestrial (or) aquatic animals. • The body of Reptiles is covered with horny scales (or) bonyscutes. • In Reptiles Skin is dry. • Glands are absent in the skin of Reptiles. • Four limbs are present. They are pentadactyl (having 5 fingers). • Skull occipital incompletely. • In Reptiles Vertebrae are gastrocentrous.
- 3. General character • In Reptiles Ribs from a true sternum. • Respiration is carried on by the lungs. • In Reptiles Heart is divided into two auricles and ventricle is divided into2 chambers incompletely. • Right & left aortic arches are completely formed. • Red blood corpuscles are nucleated in Reptiles. • In Reptiles Kidneys are meta nephric. Each kidney is provided with separate ureter. • In Reptiles Twelve pairs of cranial nerves are seen. • Cloaca is present. • Fertilization is internal. Eggs are laid on land. • In Reptiles Extra embryonic membranes are present during the development of the embryo .
- 4. Total number of species order wise Order Counts Order crocodilians 2 Order squamata 153 Suborder Serpentes 67 Order testudines 15
- 5. Status of species • Endemic species 02 • Threatened species 06 • Endangered species 03
- 6. Order crocodilians • Family Crocodylidae (crocodiles) - 1 species • ES TS • Crocodylus palustris • (Mugger Crocodile, Indian Crocodile, Indus Crocodile or Marsh crocodile) • Indus river
- 7. Distribution • Order crocodilians • Gavialis gangeticus • (Indian Gavial or Gharial) • Indus river and nara canal • Threatened species
- 8. Order squamata • Suborder Lacertilia • Family Agamidae (agamas) - 22 species • Laudakia himalayana (Himalayan Agama) • N Pakistan kashmir
- 9. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Agamidae (agamas) - 22 species • Laudakia tuberculata (Kashmir Rock Agama) • North Pakistan
- 10. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Gekkonidae (eyelid and lidless geckoes) - 33 species • Crossobamon eversmanni • Baluchistan Sand Gecko or Comb-toed Gecko • Balochistan
- 11. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Gekkonidae (eyelid and lidless geckoes) - 33 species • Crossobamon orientalis • Sind Gecko • Rohri and Shikarpur District, Upper Sind
- 12. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Gekkonidae (eyelid and lidless geckoes) - 33 species • Cyrtodactylus walli • Chitral Gecko or Swat Stone Gecko • Chitral
- 13. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Gekkonidae (eyelid and lidless geckoes) - 33 species • Cyrtopodium kachhensis • Kutch Gecko • Sindh
- 14. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Gekkonidae (eyelid and lidless geckoes) - 33 species • Teratolepis fasciata • Carrot-tail Viper Gecko or Sindh Ground Gecko • Sindh • ES
- 15. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Gekkonidae (eyelid and lidless geckoes) - 33 species • Teratoscincus microlepis • Small-scaled Wonder Gecko or Baluch Plate-tailed Gecko • Baluchistan
- 16. Suborder Lacertilia Family Gekkonidae (eyelid and lidless geckoes) - 33 species Scapteira aporosceles Chagai Desert Lacerta Baluchistan
- 17. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Scincidae (skinks) - 15 species • Eurylepis taeniolatus • Alpine Punjab Skink or Yellow-bellied Mole Skink • Punjab
- 18. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Scincidae (skinks) - 15 species • Ophiomorus blanfordi • Makran Sand Swimmer • Balochistan
- 19. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Scincidae (skinks) - 15 species • Ophiomorus raithmai • Indus Sand Swimmer • Indus valley desert
- 20. Suborder Lacertilia • Family Varanidae (monitor lizards) - 2 species • Varanus g. koniecznyi • Thar Desert Monitor • Sindh
- 21. Suborder Serpentes • Family Elapidae (kraits and cobras) - 4 species • Bungarus s. sindanus • Sind Krait(sub species) • Sindh
- 22. Suborder Serpentes • Family Elapidae (kraits and cobras) - 4 species • Naja oxiana • Central Asian Cobra or Oxus Cobra • Northern part of Pakistan • TS
- 23. Suborder Serpentes • Family Pythonidae (pythons) - 1 species • Python molurus • Indian Python, Black-tailed Python or Sind Python • Sindh
- 24. Suborder Serpentes • Family Viperidae (vipers and pit vipers) - 7 species • Eristicophis macmahonii • Asian Sand Viper, Leaf-nosed Viper • Baloshitan • ES
- 25. Suborder Serpentes • Family Viperidae (vipers and pit vipers) - 7 species • Gloydius himalayanus • Himalayan Pit Viper • Northern part of Pakistan
- 26. Order testudines • Family Cheloniidae (sea turtles) - 4 species • Chelonia mydas • Green 'Sea' Turtle • Arabian sea • Threatened species
- 27. Order testudines • Family Cheloniidae (sea turtles) - 4 species • Caretta caretta • Loggerhead Sea Turtle • Arabian sea • TS
- 28. Order testudines • Family Cheloniidae (sea turtles) - 4 species • Eretmochelys imbricata • Hawksbill Turtle • Arabian sea • ES
- 29. Order testudines • Family Cheloniidae (sea turtles) - 4 species • Lepidochelys olivacea • Olive Ridley Turtle • Arabian sea • TS
- 30. Order testudines • Family Testudinidae (true tortoises) - 2 species • Agrionemys horsfieldii • Afghan Tortoise, Horsfield's Tortoise or Central Asian Tortoise • N Pakistan • ES