Basic Design I Principals of Design I

10/13/2021
Anil Kumar, Lecturer(Textile Design),FOD, SUPVA, Rohtak
1
Pt. Lakhmi Chand state University of Performing &Visual Arts, Rohtak
Anil Kumar (Lecturer)
Department of Textile Design
PLCSUPVA, Rohtak
Basic of Design
Email-anilkumar@plcsupva.ac.in
Contact No. -9729138649

Principle of design
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Anil Kumar, Lecturer(Textile Desin),FOD,
SUPVA, Rohtak
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•Design guidelines used to
organize or arrange the
structural elements of
design.
•The principles of design
are the rules a designer
must follow to create an
effective and attractive
composition. The
fundamental principles of
design are Emphasis,
Balance and Alignment,
Contrast, Repetition,
Proportion, Movement
Principle of
design
Balance
Rhythm
Harmony
Emphasis
&
Contrast
Proportion
Proximity

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Balance

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Balance
 Balance in design is similar to balance in
physics. A large shape close to the centre can
be balanced by a small shape close to the
edge.
 Balance provides stability and structure to a
design.
 It’s the weight distributed in the design by the
placement of your elements.
 Balance is one of the important points the
success of a design.
 Everyone loves the convenience (not lame) to
what they see. Balance in graphic design can
be achieved by adjusting the visual weight of
each element, both in terms of scale, color,
contrast, etc.

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Balance

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Type of
Balance
Symmetrical Asymmetrical
Types of Balance

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Symmetrical Balance
 Symmetrical balance occurs when the visual
weight of design elements evenly divided in
terms of horizontal, vertical, or radial.
 This style relies on a balance of two similar
elements from two different sides.
 Conditions in the symmetrical equilibrium is a
general style that is often used to achieve a
balance in design.
 Although it is easy to implement, symmetrical
balance is difficult to evoke emotion from the
Visual readers because it was impressed too
"planned".
 Symmetrical balance is also commonly
referred to as formal balance.
 This style relies on a balance of two similar
elements from two different sides.

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Symmetrical Balance

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Asymmetrical Balance
 occurs when the visual weight of design elements are not evenly distributed
in the central axis of the page.
 This style relies on visual games such as scale, contrast, color to achieve a
balance.
 We often see a design with the big picture offset by the small but visible text
balanced because of the visual games.

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Cont….

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Rhythm generally means a "movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and
weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions".
Leads the eye from one point to another, creates motion.

RHYTHM
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Anil Kumar, Lecturer(Textile Design),FOD,
SUPVA, Rohtak
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TYPES OF RHYTHM
 Rhythm by Repetition
 Rhythm by Gradation
 Rhythm by Radiation
 Rhythm by Opposition
 Rhythm by Transition
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Rhythm by Repetition
 Rhythm created by duplicating (repeating)
shapes, colors, pattern, line, texture.
 Beams in the ceiling are repeated. Window
panes, repeat. Stripes on ottoman and chair
are repeated.

Rhythm by Gradation
 Rhythm created by a
gradual change in size or
color.
 Paint on wall changes
gradually in value.
 The size of the same
room objects changes
from large to small or
from small to large, from
light to dark or vice
versa.
 This creates a nice rhythm
drawing the eyes up and
down the line of gradation.
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Rhythm by Radiation
 Rhythm created by identical
objects coming from a central
axis.
 Radiation is an element of
rhythm in interior design when
the features in the room are
balanced and repeated around a
center point.
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Rhythm by Opposition
 Rhythm created by lines at right angles or contrasting colors.
 Contrasting black and white tiles and the lines intersecting at right angles.
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Rhythm by Transition
 Rhythm created by curved lines that carry your eye across a straight
surface.
 Rhythm through transition gently leads the eye through a
continuous, uninterrupted flow from one area within a space to
another.
 Example, curved lines are generally used to lead the eye along a
desired path.
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Unity & Harmony
(Unity +Variety = Harmony)
Unity-everything works together.
Variety-design is not boring, several elements used to hold viewers attention.
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Discussion
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&

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Emphasis & Contrast
 Emphasis is the center of interest, which draws
and holds the attention more than any other part.
 All Product has a area of emphasis on it which
makes the center of attraction of the garment.
 Emphasis can be achieved by means of-
Contrasting Colors
Bold and unusual shapes
Eye catching patterns
Complex Textures
Attractive Design Details
Interesting Trims
The visual having emphasis on face with the use
of collars in contrasting colors, a bright colored
scarf or necktie, jewelry and hats.
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Simply contrast tells the viewer where to look first

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Proportion
 Proportion is the
relationship of two or more
elements in a design and
how they compare with one
another.
 Proportion is said to be
harmonious when a correct
relationship exists between
the elements with respect to
size or quantity.
 Good proportion adds
harmony, symmetry, or
balance among the parts of a
design.
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Discussion

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Proximity
 The principle of proximity
is simply the process of
ensuring related design
elements are placed
together.
 Any unrelated items,
should be spaced apart.
 Close proximity indicates
that items are connected or
have a relationship to each
other and become one
visual unit which helps to
organise or give structure
to a layout.
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Principals
Means
(A laws of human perception.)
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Gestalt Principals
 Gestalt Principles are principles/laws of human perception that describe
how humans group similar elements, recognize patterns and simplify
complex images when we perceive objects.
 Designers use the principles to organize content on websites and other
interfaces so it is aesthetically pleasing and easy to understand.
There are six individual principles commonly associated with gestalt theory:
Similarity,
Continuation,
Closure,
Proximity,
Figure/Ground,
Symmetry & Order.
 There are also some additional, newer principles sometimes associated with
gestalt, such as common fate.
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Coffee is my fuel — you can buy me one if you
want to boost the sketch-creation process

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Gestalt Examples
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With Best Wishes

Basic Design I Principals of Design I

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