Pathology of The Urinary System

1. Pathology of The Urinary
System

3. phagocytic

5. • Renal Disease
• Renal Failure
– Acute – rapid onset of oliguria or anuria, and
azoturia – result from acute glomerular or
tubular necrosis or interstitial injury – often
reversible
– Chronic - end result of many chronic
conditions of the kidney

6. • Uremia – urine in blood
– Pulmonary oedema
– Fibrinous pericarditis
– Ulcerative and hemorrhagic ..gastritis and
stomatitis
– Atrial and aortic thrombosis
– Hypoplastic anemia
– Soft tissue mineralization
– Fibrous osteodystrophy

7. • Azotemia
– Renal
– Prerenal (renal hypoperfusion)
– Post renal (obstruction to the outflow of urine)
– Less Than 25% renal function---
hyperphosphatemia

8. Abnormalities of Development
• Abnormalities in the amount of renal tissue
• Abnormalities of position, form, and
orientation
• Renal dysplasia
• Renal cysts

9. Circulatory Disturbances
• Hyperemia
• Hemorrhage
• infarction

10. Kidney Infarct

11. Hydronephrosis

12. Diseases of Glomeruli
• Glomerulonephritis
• Lipidosis
• amyloidosis

13. Glomerulonephritis
• Generalized
• Focal
• Diffuse
• Segmental
• Mesengial
• Membranous
• Proliferative
• Glomerulosclerosis - hyalinization

14. Membranous
Proliferative (crescent)

15. Mesengial

16. Histological Changes
• Cellularity
• Neutophils and monocytes
• Swelling of the foot processes
• Thickening of the glomerular basement
membrane
• Glomerular tuft atrophy

17. Pathogenesis of Glomerulonephritis
• Deposition of immune complexs
– Deposition of circulating immune complexes
or localization of antigens and then binding to
antibodies
– In situ formation of antibodies against GBM
– Activation of alternative pathway of
complement
• Post streptococcal infection

18. Mechanism of injury
• Immune complexes
• Complement fixation
• Chemotaxis of neutrophils
• Mediators of inflammation

19. Amyloidosis

20. Diseases of Tubules
• Tubular Necrosis
– Ischemic following
shock
– Nephrotoxic

21. Ethylene glycol poisoning

22. Tubulointerstitial Diseases
• Acute or chronic
• Focal or general
• Suppurative or nonsuppurative
• Pyelonephritis
Inability to concentrate urine

23. Nonsuppurative I.N.
• Acute
– Interstitial edema, leukocytic infiltration, focal
tubular necrosis
• Chronic
– Monocellular infiltration, fibrosis, generalized
tubular atrophy
Leptospira canicola
Encephalitozoan cuniculi
E. Coli
Salmonella
Brucella
Malignant catarrhal fever
Theileriosis
Lumpy-skin disease in sheep

24. Suppurative I.N.
• Embolic
– Actinibacillus equuli
– Actinomyces
pyogenes
– Corynebacterium
pseudotuberculosis in
sheep and goats
• Urogenous
(pyelonephritis)
– Pseudomonas
– corynebacterium