Microsoft recently reported that in the spring of 2022, the number of videoenabled Teams meetings per week more than doubled globally for the average user since the start of the pandemic. And there was no evidence of a reversal.

1. Death by a thousand
meetings: How to reduce
video-call overload
Years after the pandemic, workers are still suffering from back-to-
back video calls. Here’s how to rethink meetings.
By Danielle Abril Updated October 19, 2023
Pre-pandemic, white-collar workers felt meeting exhaustion. Then came Zoom
fatigue. Now, they’re experiencing a bit of both, sometimes at the same time. Add
the emotional fatigue stemming from ongoing world conflicts, & work can feel more
draining than ever.
In this new stage of work, during which some people are back in the office,
others are hybrid & some are permanently remote, many workers are being
bombarded by an onslaught of meetings. A lot of those meetings are now on video
services like Zoom, Microsoft Teams & Google Meet. But back-to-back meetings
often breed exhaustion, a feeling of decreased productivity & sometimes even dread,
leaving many to wonder how to escape death by meeting.
“We’re in uncharted water,” said Steven Rogelberg, who teaches organizational
science, management & psychology at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
“We just don’t know what the world of meetings looks like.”
The reliance on video meetings, which rapidly grew when workers were locked down
during the pandemic, has continued despite many white-collar workers returning to
the office. Microsoft recently reported that in the spring of 2022, the number of video-
enabled Teams meetings per week more than doubled globally for the average user
since the start of the pandemic. And there was no evidence of a reversal the
following six months, the company said.

2. Future of Work:
How to promote culture in a remote workplace
Some companies are taking drastic measures to respond to meeting overload.
Shopify recently encouraged employees to decline meetings, implemented no-
meeting Wednesdays & purged all meetings with more than three people,
encouraging a temporary pause before anyone could add them back. TechSmith, a
Michigan-based tech firm, recently said it boosted productivity by piloting a month
without meetings.
So how should workers think about their future video meetings? Can you push back
on them? If the boss is asking for these meetings, what can a worker do?
Here’s what you can do to make video meetings more effective, decrease fatigue &
improve collaboration.
Do a meeting audit:
The beginning of the year is a good time audit your meetings, work experts say.
Review all recurring meetings on your calendar. Consider which are necessary &
effective, & make changes as needed, Rogelberg said. This is more effective than
cancelling all meetings or implementing arbitrary no-meeting times, he added. Those
rules often lead to violations & an overwhelming number of meetings on the days
they are allowed.
“It’s trying to be a quick fix … & doesn’t provide the promised relief,” he said. “But
doing [a meeting audit] as a collective team is the best approach.”

3. But getting rid of all meetings may be a good start for an audit, said Leslie Perlow, a
professor of leadership at Harvard Business School. That forces workers to
consciously consider which to add back.
Understand the meeting’s purpose:
Before scheduling a meeting, make sure you even need one.
Rogelberg boils this down to three questions: Is there a compelling purpose to bring
people together? Does the content of the meeting require engagement & interaction?
Is there no alternative communication method that would be just as effective? A
meeting should only be scheduled if the answers to all three questions are yes.
Otherwise, consider writing an email, sending an instant message to the group, or
recording a podcast to convey information. An alternate form of collaboration
includes using a shared document for cross time zone feedback or brainstorming.
Raffaella Sadun, a professor of business administration at Harvard Business School,
said you also should be able to answer how the meeting contributes to the team’s
objectives. Meetings also may increase accountability as participants make verbal
commitments to tasks & deadlines in a group setting, she added.
“If a meeting does not involve these broader and specific objectives, it’s probably
superfluous,” Sadun said.
Consider framing the meeting as a set of questions to understand what you’re trying
to achieve, Rogelberg said. It may be easier to gauge a meeting’s success based on
the questions answered. They will also help identify who to invite.
“I’ve always wanted to make managers have to pay for every person who has to be
at the meeting so they’re forced to think about who should and shouldn’t be there,”
Perlow said.
Reduce the requirements:
Workers may find they are regularly invited to meetings that feel like a time suck. So,
can they just say no?
“Declining meetings sounds good in theory. But in practice, that’s a terrible position
to put someone in,” Rogelberg said.
Instead, Rogelberg suggested that meeting hosts create a culture that is sensitive to
participants’ time by allowing people to only attend the parts relevant to them.
Invitees may have less power as they wrestle with the potential repercussions of
declining a meeting. Asking a trusted supervisor whether their attendance is
necessary may be a way out, Rogelberg said.
It’s all in the delivery of the message, Sadun said.
“Learn how to say no, using evidence & explaining why that time is needed,” she
said. “Be very mindful of how precious your time is.”

4. Shorten meeting times:
Often times, meetings are just too long. Shortening them could give people time
back, reduce fatigue & increase effectiveness.
Hosts often set a meeting for pre-filled time slots provided by calendar or video
applications. Instead, hosts should think about how much time is really needed.
“Everything stretches to the [preset] time,” Perlow said. “If we have less time,
hopefully that makes us more strategic.”
Perlow suggested adding breaks between meetings. Instead of scheduling an hour-
long meeting, make it 45 minutes.
“Speedy meetings & huddles can be effective,” Rogelberg said. “It serves a great
purpose without the tax.”
Decrease video stress!
Years of back-to-back video meetings have revealed what makes the experience so
exhausting.
But Jeremy Bailenson, the director of Stanford University’s Virtual Human Interaction
Lab, said workers can reduce video-call fatigue with some small tweaks.
First, hide the self-view to refocus attention from yourself to the actual meeting.
Research shows that when we see ourselves, we are naturally drawn to judge every
move, appearance, & gesture, which increases stress, Bailenson said.
He also suggested reducing the size of the video window to more accurately reflect
the distance between you & other people. This helps reduce the fatigue associated
with nonverbal cues.
“If you leave the default size, it forces an intimacy we don’t have in the real world,”
he said.
Ensure your setup is comfortable by adjusting the lighting, seating, & placement of
the keyboard or camera. To reduce pressure, consider meetings that require
cameras to be off. This is especially helpful for parents & caregivers, Bailenson said.
“Does someone need to do an hour of grooming to be seen for 15 minutes?” he said.
“Forcing people to be on camera may have downstream affects you haven’t thought
of.”
Support in facilitation & participation:
To aid with effectiveness, attendees can serve as model participants by helping
facilitate the meeting or being effective listeners & talkers by keeping their points
short & concise, Rogelberg said.
Sadun said attendees can also suggest an agenda & have clear follow-ups.
Brainstorm in silence:
Ultimately, efficient meetings come down to execution & respect for people’s time.

5. Consider how much time people need to do deep thinking vs. interacting, Perlow
suggested. Leverage the days people are physically together for meetings.
“It would be better if people were more intentional about when they met & what they
did when they were together,” she said.
Research shows that brainstorming in silence yields more & better ideas, Rogelberg
said, something meeting hosts should keep in mind. Setting up a shared document
so people don’t have to work synchronously may allow everyone to work better
together & come up with ideas.
“Be a part of the solution versus the problem,” Rogelberg said.